Ιδρώνω πολύ όταν περπατάω γρήγορα το καλοκαίρι.

In Modern Greek, the present tense often covers both meanings:

• I sweat (habitual / generally)
• I am sweating (right now, depending on context)

So Ιδρώνω πολύ όταν περπατάω γρήγορα το καλοκαίρι most naturally means something like:

• I sweat a lot when I walk fast in the summer
• or I get very sweaty when I walk fast in the summer

Because of όταν and το καλοκαίρι, the sentence sounds general/habitual, not like something happening only at this exact moment.

Ιδρώνω is the verb to sweat.

It is a common everyday verb. In this sentence, it means that the speaker sweats a lot under those conditions.

A few useful related forms:

• ιδρώνω = I sweat
• ιδρώνεις = you sweat
• ιδρώνει = he/she/it sweats

So Ιδρώνω πολύ = I sweat a lot.

Because πολύ here is an adverb, not an adjective.

It modifies the verb Ιδρώνω:

• Ιδρώνω πολύ = I sweat a lot

When πολύ means a lot / very and modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb, it stays πολύ.

Compare:

• Ιδρώνω πολύ = I sweat a lot
• Είναι πολύ ζεστό = It is very hot

But πολλά is used as an adjective/pronoun with plural nouns:

• πολλά βιβλία = many books

Όταν means when.

It introduces a time clause:

• όταν περπατάω γρήγορα = when I walk fast

In sentences like this, όταν often has the sense of whenever, because the whole sentence is talking about a repeated situation:

• I sweat a lot whenever I walk fast in the summer

So όταν can refer to:

• a specific time: when
• repeated situations: whenever

Both are correct.

• περπατάω
• περπατώ

These are two common present-tense forms of the same verb: to walk.

In everyday spoken Greek, περπατάω is very common and often sounds a bit more natural in conversation.
Περπατώ is also standard and correct, and may sound slightly more formal or compact.

So these are both fine:

• όταν περπατάω γρήγορα
• όταν περπατώ γρήγορα

Same meaning: when I walk fast.

Because γρήγορα is being used as an adverb: fast / quickly.

It describes how the person walks:

• περπατάω γρήγορα = I walk fast

By contrast, γρήγορος is an adjective meaning fast and would describe a noun:

• ένα γρήγορο αυτοκίνητο = a fast car

A very common pattern in Greek is that the neuter singular form of an adjective is also used adverbially:

• γρήγορος = fast (masculine adjective)
• γρήγορη = fast (feminine adjective)
• γρήγορο = fast (neuter adjective)
• γρήγορα = fast / quickly (adverb)

Yes, το καλοκαίρι does mean in the summer here.

Greek often uses the accusative without a preposition for time expressions. This is very common.

So:

• το καλοκαίρι = in the summer
• τον χειμώνα = in the winter
• την Κυριακή = on Sunday
• κάθε μέρα = every day

English often needs a preposition like in or on, but Greek often does not.

It is in the accusative singular.

The noun is:

• nominative: το καλοκαίρι
• accusative: το καλοκαίρι

Because it is a neuter noun, the form looks the same in nominative and accusative.

In this sentence, it is used as a time expression, and Greek commonly uses the accusative for that kind of expression.

So even though there is no preposition, it still functions like in the summer.

It most naturally describes a general habit / repeated situation.

That is because of:

• όταν = when / whenever
• το καλοκαίρι = in the summer

Together they suggest something like:

• I sweat a lot whenever I walk fast in the summer

If the speaker wanted to make it clearly about right now, they would usually add more context, such as:

• Τώρα ιδρώνω πολύ = I’m sweating a lot now

So this sentence is best understood as a general statement.

Yes. Greek word order is more flexible than English word order.

The original sentence is perfectly natural:

• Ιδρώνω πολύ όταν περπατάω γρήγορα το καλοκαίρι.

But you could also say:

• Το καλοκαίρι ιδρώνω πολύ όταν περπατάω γρήγορα.
• Όταν περπατάω γρήγορα το καλοκαίρι, ιδρώνω πολύ.

These versions all mean basically the same thing, but the emphasis changes slightly:

• starting with Το καλοκαίρι emphasizes in the summer
• starting with Όταν περπατάω γρήγορα emphasizes the condition

Yes. Both are possible.

• περπατάω γρήγορα = I walk fast
• περπατάω γρήγορα = I walk quickly

In natural English, walk fast is often the most idiomatic translation, but walk quickly is also correct.

So γρήγορα can often correspond to:

• fast
• quickly

depending on what sounds most natural in English.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

ee-THRO-no po-LEE O-tan per-pa-TA-o GREE-go-ra to ka-lo-KE-ri

A few helpful notes:

• δρ in Ιδρώνω is pronounced like th in this
  • r
• θ in όταν is like th in think
• γ before ρ in γρήγορα is the normal Greek g/gh/y-like sound, not exactly like English g
• the written accents show where the stress goes:
  • ιδρώνω
  • πολύ
  • όταν
  • περπατάω
  • γρήγορα
  • καλοκαίρι

Listening to native audio is especially useful here, because some Greek sounds do not match English exactly.

Yes.

• Ιδρώνω πολύ = I sweat a lot
• Ιδρώνω πάρα πολύ = I sweat very much / I sweat a whole lot

Πάρα πολύ is stronger and more emphatic.

So if you want to stress the idea more, that is a very natural option.

Yes — it shows several very common Greek patterns:

1. Present tense for habitual meaning

   • Ιδρώνω = I sweat / I am sweating

2. Adverb with a verb

   • πολύ modifies Ιδρώνω
   • γρήγορα modifies περπατάω

3. όταν + present for repeated situations

   • όταν περπατάω γρήγορα = when/whenever I walk fast

4. Time expression without a preposition

   • το καλοκαίρι = in the summer

So this one sentence is a very good example of everyday Greek structure.