Σπάνια απορρίπτουν μια αίτηση που έχει όλα τα δικαιολογητικά.

Because Greek often leaves subject pronouns out when the verb ending already shows the person and number.

απορρίπτουν = they reject / they are rejecting

The ending -ουν tells you it is 3rd person plural, so Greek does not need to say αυτοί unless the speaker wants extra emphasis.

In a sentence like this, they can also mean something general like:

• people
• the authorities
• the office
• they in the English impersonal sense

So the sentence can sound like a general statement, not necessarily about a specific group already mentioned.

σπάνια means rarely.

It is an adverb, so it modifies the verb απορρίπτουν. Putting it at the beginning gives it a little prominence:

• Σπάνια απορρίπτουν... = Rarely do they reject...

Greek word order is flexible, so other placements are also possible, but this one is very natural.

The dictionary form is απορρίπτω, meaning to reject.

Here you have:

• απορρίπτουν = they reject

This is present tense, and in a sentence like this it usually expresses a habitual or general action, not something happening only right now.

So the sense is:

• They rarely reject... rather than
• They are rarely rejecting...

μια αίτηση means an application.

• αίτηση is a feminine noun
• μια is the feminine form of a / one

Because απορρίπτουν takes a direct object, αίτηση appears in the accusative case here.

The noun looks the same in nominative and accusative singular:

• nominative: μια αίτηση
• accusative: μια αίτηση

So you do not see a form change, but grammatically it is the object of the verb.

Also, μια and μία are both used; μια is very common in everyday modern Greek.

Here που means that or which and introduces a relative clause.

So:

• μια αίτηση = an application
• που έχει όλα τα δικαιολογητικά = that has all the supporting documents

Together:

• μια αίτηση που έχει όλα τα δικαιολογητικά = an application that has all the supporting documents

In modern Greek, που is the most common relative word for this kind of clause.

Because the subject of έχει is not δικαιολογητικά. The subject is που, referring back to μια αίτηση.

So the structure is:

• μια αίτηση = singular
• που έχει... = that has...

In other words:

• the application has all the documents

That is why the verb is singular:

• έχει = it has

δικαιολογητικά usually means supporting documents, required documents, or paperwork.

In administrative contexts, it refers to the documents you must submit with an application, such as:

• certificates
• copies of ID
• proof of address
• official forms

So όλα τα δικαιολογητικά means all the required/supporting documents.

Because Greek normally uses the article in this kind of phrase.

• όλα = all
• τα δικαιολογητικά = the supporting documents

So:

• όλα τα δικαιολογητικά = all the supporting documents

This is the standard Greek structure: all + article + noun.

Compare:

• όλα τα βιβλία = all the books
• όλες οι αιτήσεις = all the applications

έχει is the present tense of έχω (to have).

Here it does not mean the application is physically holding something. It means the application includes or comes with all the required documents.

So:

• που έχει όλα τα δικαιολογητικά means
• that has/includes all the supporting documents

Like απορρίπτουν, this present tense gives a general, factual meaning.

Usually μια αίτηση here means an application in a general sense, not one particular application already known to both speaker and listener.

So the sentence means something like:

• They rarely reject an application that has all the supporting documents.

It describes a general rule or tendency.

If Greek wanted to point to a specific known application, it would more likely use the definite article:

• την αίτηση = the application

Yes. Greek allows more flexibility in word order than English.

The given sentence:

• Σπάνια απορρίπτουν μια αίτηση που έχει όλα τα δικαιολογητικά.

is very natural.

But you could also hear variations like:

• Μια αίτηση που έχει όλα τα δικαιολογητικά σπάνια την απορρίπτουν.
• Απορρίπτουν σπάνια μια αίτηση που έχει όλα τα δικαιολογητικά.

These may sound slightly different in emphasis, but the core meaning stays the same.

The original version is clear and idiomatic, especially if the speaker wants to emphasize rarely right away.

Yes. απορρίπτω has a range of translations depending on context:

• reject
• turn down
• deny (in some administrative contexts)
• dismiss (in other contexts)

With αίτηση (application/request), reject or turn down is usually the best fit.

So:

• απορρίπτουν μια αίτηση = they reject/turn down an application

The sentence breaks down like this:

Main clause

• Σπάνια απορρίπτουν μια αίτηση
• They rarely reject an application

Relative clause

• που έχει όλα τα δικαιολογητικά
• that has all the supporting documents

The relative clause describes αίτηση and gives more information about which kind of application is meant.