Η φίλη μου τραγουδάει πολύ ωραία.

Η is the definite article for a feminine singular noun in the nominative case, so here it means the.

• η φίλη = the friend (female friend)
• Greek uses the definite article more often than English, especially with possessives, so η φίλη μου literally looks like the friend my, but it means my friend.

φίλη means female friend. It is the feminine form of the noun.

• ο φίλος = male friend / boyfriend in some contexts
• η φίλη = female friend / girlfriend in some contexts

In this sentence, η φίλη μου simply means my friend and tells us the friend is female.

In Greek, μου is a weak possessive form meaning my, and it normally comes after the noun.

So:

• η φίλη μου = my friend
• literally: the friend my

This is the normal and natural Greek pattern.

It can mean either, depending on context.

• η φίλη μου = my female friend
• η φίλη μου can also mean my girlfriend

Usually, the situation makes it clear. If someone wants to avoid ambiguity, they may say something more specific.

Greek often omits subject pronouns when they are not needed, because the verb ending already shows the person and number.

Here:

• τραγουδάει = she sings / is singing

So Greek does not need to say αυτή (she) unless there is emphasis or contrast.

τραγουδάει is the 3rd person singular form of the verb τραγουδάω / τραγουδώ, meaning to sing.

Here it means:

• she sings
• she is singing

Greek present tense can cover both the simple present and the present continuous, depending on context.

Yes. In everyday Modern Greek, both τραγουδάει and τραγουδά can be used.

• τραγουδάει = a very common full form
• τραγουδά = a shorter form, also correct

Both mean the same thing here. Learners will often see both spellings/forms in modern usage.

πολύ means very here. It strengthens the adverb that follows.

So:

• πολύ ωραία = very beautifully / very nicely

Be careful: πολύ can also mean much / a lot, depending on the sentence.

Yes, ωραία comes from ωραίος / ωραία / ωραίο (beautiful, nice, lovely), but in everyday Greek it is also very commonly used adverbially.

So in this sentence:

• τραγουδάει ωραία = she sings beautifully / nicely

This is very natural Greek. Greek often uses forms like this in a way that feels adjective-like in form but functions as an adverb in context.

Sometimes in natural English translation, yes, depending on context. But literally it is closer to:

• very nicely
• very beautifully

If you want the idea of well, Greek can also use καλά in many contexts, but ωραία sounds very natural for singing because it suggests something pleasing or beautiful.

Yes, Greek word order is more flexible than English. This order is neutral and natural:

• Η φίλη μου τραγουδάει πολύ ωραία. = My friend sings very beautifully.

But Greek can move words around for emphasis. For example:

• Πολύ ωραία τραγουδάει η φίλη μου. = emphasis on very beautifully
• Η φίλη μου πολύ ωραία τραγουδάει. = possible, but more marked

The original sentence is the most straightforward everyday order.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

• Η φίλη μου ≈ ee FEE-lee moo
• τραγουδάει ≈ trah-ghoo-THA-ee
• πολύ ≈ poh-LEE
• ωραία ≈ oh-reh-AH

A few useful points:

• η sounds like ee
• φ is like English f
• θ sounds like th in think
• Stress matters a lot in Greek, so pay attention to the accent marks:
  • φίλη
  • τραγουδάει
  • πολύ
  • ωραία

Greek uses accent marks to show which syllable is stressed.

In this sentence:

• φίλη → stress on FEE
• τραγουδάει → stress on δά
• πολύ → stress on λύ
• ωραία → stress on the final part -αία

These accents are important in writing and pronunciation.

It is usually pronounced as three syllables:

• ω-ραι-α → roughly oh-REH-ah

The αι here sounds like e, but the word still has a flowing three-part pronunciation in normal speech. Listening to native pronunciation is especially helpful with words like this.

It is in the nominative singular because it is the subject of the sentence.

• η φίλη μου = the subject, the person doing the action
• She is the one who τραγουδάει (sings)

So the nominative form is used.

Yes, but it means something slightly different.

• Η φίλη μου τραγουδάει πολύ ωραία. = My friend sings very beautifully.
• Μια φίλη μου τραγουδάει πολύ ωραία. = A friend of mine sings very beautifully.

So:

• η φίλη μου points to a specific friend
• μια φίλη μου means one of your friends, not necessarily a uniquely identified one