Ο ελληνικός καφές σήμερα είναι τέλειος.

Breakdown of Ο ελληνικός καφές σήμερα είναι τέλειος.

είμαι
to be
ο καφές
the coffee
σήμερα
today
ελληνικός
Greek
τέλειος
perfect
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Questions & Answers about Ο ελληνικός καφές σήμερα είναι τέλειος.

What does Ο mean at the beginning, and why is it capitalized?

Ο is the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article "the".

  • Ο = the (masculine, singular, subject of the sentence)
  • It’s capitalized only because it’s the first word in the sentence. In the middle of a sentence it would be ο.

Very small article table for the singular:

  • Masculine: ο καφές (the coffee)
  • Feminine: η μέρα (the day)
  • Neuter: το σπίτι (the house)

Why is it ελληνικός καφές and not ελληνικό καφέ or something else?

Because in Greek, adjectives must agree with the noun in gender, number, and case.

  • καφές is masculine, singular, nominative (dictionary form).
  • So the adjective ελληνικός is also masculine, singular, nominative.

Patterns:

  • Masculine: ελληνικός καφές (Greek coffee)
  • Feminine: ελληνική μπύρα (Greek beer)
  • Neuter: ελληνικό κρασί (Greek wine)

Forms like ελληνικό καφέ would be wrong here: ελληνικό is neuter, but καφέ(ς) is masculine.


Why does καφές end in here, but I also see καφέ without ?

Καφές is a masculine noun that declines (changes form by case):

  • Nominative (subject): ο καφέςthe coffee (as subject)
  • Accusative (object): τον καφέthe coffee (as object)

In this sentence, ο ελληνικός καφές is the subject, so it’s in the nominative, and that form normally ends in for masculine nouns.


Why is the adjective before the noun: ο ελληνικός καφές and not ο καφές ελληνικός?

The normal, neutral position for a descriptive adjective in Greek is:

article + adjective + noun

So:

  • ο ελληνικός καφές = the Greek coffee

You can say things like:

  • ο καφές ο ελληνικός – a bit more emphatic or contrastive: the coffee, the Greek one
  • ο καφές είναι ελληνικόςthe coffee is Greek (adjective in the predicate, with είναι)

But for a simple noun phrase like “Greek coffee,” ο ελληνικός καφές is the standard form.


Does Ο ελληνικός καφές mean “the Greek coffee” (specific) or “Greek coffee” in general?

It can mean both, depending on context.

  • Specific: The Greek coffee (that we are drinking today) is perfect.
  • General/habitual: Greek coffee (as a type, in general) is perfect today – more likely it’s understood as the particular Greek coffee we have today.

Greek uses the definite article much more widely than English, even when English drops “the” in generic statements. So ο ελληνικός καφές is often best translated just as “Greek coffee” in English.


Why is σήμερα (today) in the middle of the sentence? Can it go somewhere else?

Yes, σήμερα is flexible in position. All of these are natural:

  • Ο ελληνικός καφές σήμερα είναι τέλειος.
  • Σήμερα ο ελληνικός καφές είναι τέλειος.
  • Ο ελληνικός καφές είναι σήμερα τέλειος.
  • Ο ελληνικός καφές είναι τέλειος σήμερα.

Meaning is essentially the same: “Today, the Greek coffee is perfect.”

Small nuances:

  • At the beginning (Σήμερα…) the focus is slightly more on today.
  • At the end (…τέλειος σήμερα) can add a mild contrast: It’s perfect today (as opposed to other times).

What exactly is είναι? Why doesn’t it change for “he/she/it/they”?

Είναι is the present tense of the verb είμαι (to be).

Present forms:

  • (εγώ) είμαι – I am
  • (εσύ) είσαι – you are (singular)
  • (αυτός/αυτή/αυτό) είναι – he/she/it is
  • (εμείς) είμαστε – we are
  • (εσείς) είστε – you are (plural / polite)
  • (αυτοί/αυτές/αυτά) είναι – they are

Notice that είναι is used for he / she / it / they. Greek relies on context (and on the noun itself) to show whether it’s singular or plural.

Here, the subject is ο ελληνικός καφές (singular), so είναι = is.


Why don’t we say “it” in Greek, like “It is perfect”?

Greek normally drops subject pronouns, because the verb form usually shows the subject. This is called a “pro-drop” language.

  • English: It is perfect.
  • Greek: Είναι τέλειος. (literally just “Is perfect.”)

You would add a pronoun (e.g. αυτός, αυτό) only for emphasis or contrast:

  • Αυτός είναι τέλειος, όχι ο άλλος.This one is perfect, not the other one.

Why is it τέλειος and not τέλεια, which I also see meaning “perfect / great”?

Τέλειος is an adjective in the masculine form; it must agree with καφές (masculine, singular, nominative).

  • ο καφές είναι τέλειος – the coffee is perfect (masculine)
  • η μπύρα είναι τέλεια – the beer is perfect (feminine)
  • το κρασί είναι τέλειο – the wine is perfect (neuter)

Τέλεια can also function as an adverb, meaning perfectly / great / awesome in casual speech:

  • Πέρασα τέλεια.I had a great time.

In this sentence you need the adjective form that matches ο καφές, so τέλειος is correct.


Does τέλειος always have to match καφές in gender and number?

Yes. Predicate adjectives in Greek agree with the noun they describe.

Examples:

  • Singular masculine: Ο ελληνικός καφές είναι τέλειος.
  • Singular feminine: Η ελληνική μπύρα είναι τέλεια.
  • Singular neuter: Το ελληνικό κρασί είναι τέλειο.
  • Plural masculine: Οι ελληνικοί καφέδες είναι τέλειοι.
  • Plural feminine: Οι ελληνικές μπύρες είναι τέλειες.
  • Plural neuter: Τα ελληνικά κρασιά είναι τέλεια.

So if you change the noun, you must change the adjective’s form too.


How would I say it in the plural: “The Greek coffees today are perfect”?

You need to put both the noun and the adjectives in the plural:

  • Οι ελληνικοί καφέδες σήμερα είναι τέλειοι.

Breakdown:

  • Οι – plural masculine article (the)
  • ελληνικοί – masculine plural adjective (Greek)
  • καφέδες – masculine plural of καφές (coffees)
  • τέλειοι – masculine plural adjective (perfect)

So the whole noun phrase and the predicate adjective all agree in masculine plural.


Why do the words have accent marks: ελληνικός, καφές, σήμερα, τέλειος?

Modern Greek uses one written accent (´) per word to show stress (which syllable you pronounce more strongly).

In this sentence:

  • ελληνικός – stress on the last syllable
  • καφές – stress on the last syllable
  • σήμερα – stress on the first syllable
  • τέλειος – stress on the first syllable

The accent mark helps you:

  1. Pronounce words correctly.
  2. Distinguish between words that are spelled the same but stressed differently (and may have different meanings in other cases).

How do I pronounce ελληνικός καφές? The double λ and η/ι/ει confuse me.

Pronunciation hints (in simple terms):

  • ελληνικός:

    • ε = like e in met
    • λλ = a single clear l sound, but a bit longer
    • η and ι and ει are all pronounced like ee in see
    • So roughly: eh-lee-nee-KOS (stress on the last syllable)
  • καφές:

    • κα = ka as in car
    • φ = f
    • ές = es with stress
    • So: ka-FES (stress on the last syllable)

Altogether:

  • Ο ελληνικός καφές σήμερα είναι τέλειος.
    Approximate: O eh-lee-nee-KOS ka-FES SEE-me-ra EE-ne TE-lee-os.