Breakdown of Στο αγαπημένο μου μυθιστόρημα ο ήρωας και η ηρωίδα είναι δύο νέοι γιατροί που δουλεύουν στο εξωτερικό.
Questions & Answers about Στο αγαπημένο μου μυθιστόρημα ο ήρωας και η ηρωίδα είναι δύο νέοι γιατροί που δουλεύουν στο εξωτερικό.
In modern Greek the preposition σε (in, at, to) normally contracts with the definite article:
- σε + το → στο (neuter or masculine singular)
- σε + τον → στον
- σε + την → στη(ν)
- σε + τα → στα, etc.
So σε το αγαπημένο μου μυθιστόρημα is grammatically “raw”; in real Greek it must become στο αγαπημένο μου μυθιστόρημα.
Greek doesn’t have possessive adjectives like English my, your etc. It uses possessive pronouns (clitics) that follow the noun phrase:
- το αγαπημένο μου μυθιστόρημα = my favorite novel
- literally “the favorite of‑me novel”.
Key points:
- μου always comes after the noun phrase it belongs to:
- το βιβλίο μου (my book)
- το αγαπημένο μου βιβλίο (my favorite book).
- You can’t say μου αγαπημένο μυθιστόρημα; that’s ungrammatical in Greek.
They are in the accusative singular neuter:
- στο = σε
- το (accusative)
- Preposition σε in modern Greek is normally followed by the accusative.
- So:
- το αγαπημένο (μου) μυθιστόρημα (nominative/accusative form)
- After σε, we’re forced into accusative, but for neuter nouns/adjectives the nominative and accusative look the same.
That’s why the forms are αγαπημένο and μυθιστόρημα.
μυθιστόρημα (novel) is neuter, so it takes the neuter article το:
- Singular: το μυθιστόρημα
- Plural: τα μυθιστορήματα
Clues:
- Many neuter nouns end in ‑μα (τό πράγμα, τό μάθημα, τό σώμα, τό γράμμα, τό μυθιστόρημα).
- With σε, the neuter article το becomes στο.
So στο αγαπημένο μου μυθιστόρημα = in my favorite novel.
Greek word order is flexible. Starting with Στο αγαπημένο μου μυθιστόρημα:
- Adds topicalization or emphasis on where these people are characters (i.e., “In my favorite novel, …”).
- This is very natural and close to English:
- Στο αγαπημένο μου μυθιστόρημα, ο ήρωας και η ηρωίδα…
- “In my favorite novel, the hero and the heroine…”
You could also say:
- Ο ήρωας και η ηρωίδα στο αγαπημένο μου μυθιστόρημα είναι…
Both are grammatical; the original just foregrounds the setting.
Yes, repeating the article is normal here:
- ο ήρωας και η ηρωίδα = the hero and the heroine (two distinct people).
Some points:
- Masculine: ο ήρωας
- Feminine: η ηρωίδα
- Since they are different nouns with different genders, each gets its own article.
- Sometimes with two same‑gender nouns you might see one shared article (e.g. ο άντρας και φίλος μου), but with different genders you must repeat them.
Greek agreement works like English here:
- Subject: ο ήρωας και η ηρωίδα (two people → plural subject)
- So the verb is 3rd person plural: είναι (they are).
Greek present of είμαι:
- εγώ είμαι – I am
- εσύ είσαι – you are
- αυτός/αυτή/αυτό είναι – he/she/it is
- εμείς είμαστε – we are
- εσείς είστε / είσαστε – you are
- αυτοί/αυτές/αυτά είναι – they are
Here ο ήρωας και η ηρωίδα = αυτοί (they), so είναι.
Because after the verb είμαι (to be), Greek uses the nominative, not the accusative:
- Ο ήρωας και η ηρωίδα (nominative, subject)
- είναι δύο νέοι γιατροί (nominative, predicate noun/adjective).
So:
- Correct: είναι δύο νέοι γιατροί
- Wrong: είναι δύο νέους γιατρούς (accusative; would be used, for example, as a direct object: I see two young doctors → βλέπω δύο νέους γιατρούς).
Also note:
- No article: δύο νέοι γιατροί = two young doctors (indefinite).
- With article οι δύο νέοι γιατροί = the two young doctors (more specific).
This is a standard rule in Greek:
- Mixed groups (male + female) take masculine plural for adjectives and participles.
- So for a hero (male) and a heroine (female) together:
- είναι δύο νέοι γιατροί (masculine plural adjective & noun).
Examples:
- Ο Γιώργος και η Μαρία είναι κουρασμένοι.
George (m) + Maria (f) = κουρασμένοι (masc. pl.), not κουρασμένες.
If the group were strictly all female, you’d say:
- είναι δύο νέες γιατροί (“two young (female) doctors”) – feminine plural νέες.
Both can mean they work, but there’s a nuance:
- δουλεύω
- Very common, everyday word for to work.
- Used for almost any kind of work: Δουλεύω σε νοσοκομείο.
- εργάζομαι
- More formal, more “official” or written style.
- Often in official speech, documents, CVs, news, etc.
In normal conversation, δουλεύουν sounds natural and neutral.
You could say που εργάζονται στο εξωτερικό; it just sounds a bit more formal.
δουλεύουν is:
- Verb: δουλεύω (to work)
- Person/number: 3rd person plural (they)
- Tense: present
- Aspect: imperfective.
In English it can correspond to:
- they work (simple present)
- they are working (present continuous),
depending on context. Greek present imperfective covers both.
Here που is a relative pronoun, introducing a relative clause:
- δύο νέοι γιατροί που δουλεύουν στο εξωτερικό
= two young doctors *who work abroad / *that work abroad.
Important points:
- που is invariable: it doesn’t change for gender, number, or case.
- It can refer to:
- people: ο άντρας που είδα (the man who I saw),
- things: το σπίτι που αγόρασα (the house that I bought).
- Don’t confuse:
- που (unstressed, relative) with
- πού; (stressed with an accent, meaning where?),
- or with ότι (that in reported speech).
Here it’s best translated as who.
εξωτερικό is a neuter noun meaning literally the outside / foreign countries, abroad.
- το εξωτερικό = the (foreign) abroad / foreign countries.
- With σε:
- σε + το εξωτερικό → στο εξωτερικό = abroad.
Usage:
- δουλεύω στο εξωτερικό = I work abroad.
- πηγαίνω στο εξωτερικό = I go abroad.
Greek often uses a noun with an article where English has an adverb:
- στο σχολείο = at school
- στη δουλειά = at work
- στο σπίτι = at home
- στο εξωτερικό = abroad.
ηρωίδα = heroine is spelled with ϊ to show that ο and ι form two separate syllables, not the digraph οι.
- Spelling: η‑ρ‑ω‑ί‑δ‑α
- Pronunciation: [i.ro.ˈi.ða] – four syllables: η‑ρω‑ΐ‑δα.
Without the diaeresis:
- ηρωίδα (correct)
- ηροιδα or ηρωιδα without ï would suggest οι = [i] as a single sound, which would change where the stress can fall and make reading ambiguous.
So the diaeresis (¨) indicates that ι is pronounced separately from the previous vowel.