Meine Mutter kocht Brokkoli mit Blumenkohl, weil mein Vater Gemüse mag.

Because German possessive words change their endings to match the gender, number, and case of the noun that follows.

• Mutter is a feminine noun, so you say meine Mutter
• Vater is a masculine noun, so you say mein Vater

Both are in the nominative case here because both are subjects of their clauses.

Compare:

• mein Vater
• meine Mutter
• mein Kind

This is similar to how German articles change:

• die Mutter
• der Vater
• das Kind

German often leaves out articles when talking about food or substances in a general, non-specific way.

So:

• Brokkoli = broccoli
• Blumenkohl = cauliflower
• Gemüse = vegetables / vegetable food in general

This is similar to English, where you can say:

• She cooks broccoli
• He likes vegetables

If you wanted to make them more specific, you could add articles:

• den Brokkoli
• den Blumenkohl
• das Gemüse

But in this sentence, the general article-free version sounds natural.

Mit means with.

So Brokkoli mit Blumenkohl means broccoli with cauliflower.

It shows that the broccoli is being cooked together with cauliflower.

One important grammar point: mit always takes the dative case. In this sentence, you do not see a clear dative ending because Blumenkohl appears without an article. But if you added an article, it would be:

• mit dem Blumenkohl

So the case rule is still there even if the noun form itself does not visibly change.

Because weil introduces a subordinate clause, and in German subordinate clauses are separated from the main clause by a comma.

Main clause:

• Meine Mutter kocht Brokkoli mit Blumenkohl

Subordinate clause:

• weil mein Vater Gemüse mag

This comma is required in standard German.

Because weil is a subordinating conjunction, and in German subordinate clauses the conjugated verb usually goes to the end.

So:

• Main clause: Meine Mutter kocht ...
• Subordinate clause: weil mein Vater Gemüse mag

This is one of the most important word order rules in German.

Compare:

• Mein Vater mag Gemüse.
• ..., weil mein Vater Gemüse mag.

In the independent sentence, mag is in second position. After weil, it moves to the end.

Because the subject is mein Vater, which is third person singular: he.

The verb mögen is conjugated like this:

• ich mag
• du magst
• er/sie/es mag
• wir mögen
• ihr mögt
• sie/Sie mögen

Since mein Vater = he, the correct form is mag.

Here kocht means cooks.

The verb kochen can sometimes refer literally to boiling, but in everyday sentences like this, it often simply means to cook.

So:

• Meine Mutter kocht Brokkoli = My mother cooks broccoli

If you specifically wanted to emphasize that something is boiling, the context would usually make that clear.

In German, Gemüse is usually treated as a collective noun or mass noun. That means it refers to vegetables in general, not necessarily to one single vegetable.

So:

• Gemüse = vegetables / vegetable food / veg

This is why German often uses Gemüse where English naturally uses the plural vegetables.

For example:

• Ich esse gern Gemüse. = I like eating vegetables.
• Gemüse ist gesund. = Vegetables are healthy.

Because in German, all nouns are capitalized.

So in this sentence:

• Mutter
• Brokkoli
• Blumenkohl
• Vater
• Gemüse

are all capitalized because they are nouns.

This is a standard spelling rule in German and helps learners identify nouns more easily.

Yes, parts of it can be changed, but the verb-position rules must still be followed.

For example, you could say:

• Weil mein Vater Gemüse mag, kocht meine Mutter Brokkoli mit Blumenkohl.

Here the subordinate clause comes first, so the main clause follows it. In the main clause, the verb kocht still comes early, and meine Mutter comes after it.

You could also emphasize a different element in the main clause:

• Brokkoli mit Blumenkohl kocht meine Mutter, weil mein Vater Gemüse mag.

That is grammatically possible, though less neutral.

The original sentence is the most natural basic version.

Here is a simple breakdown:

• Meine Mutter — nominative (subject of kocht)
• Brokkoli — accusative (direct object of kocht)
• mit Blumenkohl — dative after mit
• mein Vater — nominative (subject of mag)
• Gemüse — accusative (direct object of mag)

A useful thing to notice is that some nouns look the same in different cases, especially when there is no article. That is why the case is often shown more clearly by articles or pronouns than by the noun itself.