Die Wohnung unten ist ruhig.

The apartment downstairs is quiet.

Breakdown of Die Wohnung unten ist ruhig.

• sein: to be
• ruhig: quiet
• die Wohnung: the apartment
• unten: down

Questions & Answers about Die Wohnung unten ist ruhig.

What case is Wohnung in here, and how can I tell?

Wohnung is in the nominative case.

Reason:

• Die Wohnung unten is the subject of the sentence.
• The verb ist (is) needs a subject in the nominative.
• The article die is the nominative singular article for feminine nouns.

So the structure is:

• Die Wohnung unten = subject (nominative)
• ist = verb
• ruhig = predicate adjective (saying something about the subject)

Why is it die Wohnung and not der Wohnung or das Wohnung?

Because Wohnung is a feminine noun in German.

• Feminine nouns use die in the nominative singular.
• der is masculine nominative or feminine dative/genitive.
• das is neuter nominative/accusative.

So:

• die Wohnung = the apartment (correct)
• der Wohnung would only be correct in dative or genitive, e.g. in der Wohnung (in the apartment).
• das Wohnung is always wrong, because the grammatical gender of Wohnung is feminine, not neuter.

Why is it ruhig and not ruhige at the end?

Because ruhig is used as a predicate adjective after the verb sein (to be), and predicate adjectives in German do not take endings.

Compare:

• Die ruhige Wohnung ist unten.

  • ruhige has an ending because it stands directly before the noun (Wohnung) and describes it (attributive adjective).

• Die Wohnung unten ist ruhig.

  • ruhig comes after ist and describes the subject as a whole (predicate adjective).
  • Predicate adjectives stay in their basic form: ruhig, not ruhige.

So after sein, werden, bleiben, etc., you normally use the bare adjective form.

What exactly is unten? Is it like unter?

unten is an adverb meaning down, downstairs, below.

unter is a preposition meaning under / below, and it must be followed by a noun (often in the dative or accusative).

• unten (adverb) – stands alone, no noun needed:

  • Die Wohnung unten ist ruhig. = The apartment downstairs is quiet.
  • Ich warte unten. = I’m waiting downstairs.

• unter (preposition) – followed by an object:

  • Die Wohnung unter uns ist ruhig. = The apartment below us is quiet.
  • Unter dem Tisch liegt eine Katze. = Under the table there is a cat.

So in Die Wohnung unten ist ruhig, unten simply says where the apartment is (downstairs), without introducing another noun phrase.

Why is it Die Wohnung unten ist ruhig and not Die unten Wohnung ist ruhig?

Because unten is an adverb, not an attributive adjective.

• Attributive adjectives (like ruhig, klein, groß) can go directly before a noun and take endings:

  • die ruhige Wohnung
  • die kleine Wohnung
  • die obere Wohnung (the upper apartment)

• Adverbs normally do not go directly in front of a noun:

  • die unten Wohnung ❌ (ungrammatical)

unten belongs to the verb phrase, not to the noun phrase, so it goes with the rest of the sentence, usually near the subject or verb:

• Die Wohnung unten ist ruhig. ✅
• Unten ist die Wohnung ruhig. ✅ (different emphasis, but grammatical)

Is there a difference between Die Wohnung unten ist ruhig and Die untere Wohnung ist ruhig?

Yes, there is a small difference in style and nuance:

1. Die Wohnung unten ist ruhig.

   • Literally: The apartment downstairs is quiet.
   • More colloquial, very natural in everyday speech.
   • Focuses on the location using an adverb (unten).

2. Die untere Wohnung ist ruhig.

   • Literally: The lower apartment is quiet.
   • Uses untere as an attributive adjective (with ending).
   • Sounds a bit more descriptive or formal, and slightly more written-style.
   • Implies there are at least two levels (lower vs upper), and this is the lower one.

Both can refer to an apartment on a lower floor, but Die Wohnung unten is what you’d hear more often in everyday conversation.

Can I move unten to another position in the sentence?

Yes, but the most natural place here is exactly where it is.

Some possible positions:

1. Die Wohnung unten ist ruhig.

   • Neutral, standard word order.

2. Unten ist die Wohnung ruhig.

   • Emphasis on unten (downstairs).
   • Sounds like you are contrasting with somewhere else: Downstairs, the apartment is quiet (maybe upstairs it isn’t).

3. Die Wohnung ist unten ruhig.

   • Possible, but sounds unusual.
   • Could be interpreted as: The apartment is quiet down there (with a slight focus on unten as the place where it is quiet).

The safest and most idiomatic choice in most contexts is Die Wohnung unten ist ruhig.

Can I use Apartment instead of Wohnung? Is there any difference?

You can say:

• Das Apartment unten ist ruhig.

Differences:

• Wohnung

  • Very common, neutral German word for a flat/apartment.
  • Feminine: die Wohnung.

• Apartment

  • Borrowed from English/French; more common in some regions and in certain contexts (real estate ads, holiday rentals, modern-sounding).
  • Neuter: das Apartment.

So:

• Die Wohnung unten ist ruhig. (feminine)
• Das Apartment unten ist ruhig. (neuter)

Both are correct; Wohnung is more standard and general.

Does ruhig only mean “quiet” (no noise), or can it also mean “calm”?

ruhig can mean both:

1. Quiet / not noisy (about places, situations, sometimes people):

   • Die Wohnung unten ist ruhig. = The apartment downstairs is quiet.
   • Es ist heute sehr ruhig im Büro. = It’s very quiet at the office today.

2. Calm / not agitated (about people, behavior, atmosphere):

   • Bleib ruhig. = Stay calm.
   • Er ist ein sehr ruhiger Mensch. = He is a very calm/quiet person.
   • Die Stimmung war ruhig. = The mood was calm.

In your sentence, with Wohnung, it naturally means “quiet” in the sense of “not noisy” and possibly “peaceful.”

How would the sentence change in the plural?

Plural of die Wohnung is die Wohnungen.

So you get:

• Die Wohnungen unten sind ruhig.
  = The apartments downstairs are quiet.

Changes:

• Noun: Wohnung → Wohnungen
• Verb: ist (3rd person singular) → sind (3rd person plural)
• ruhig stays the same (predicate adjective, no ending).

How do you pronounce Wohnung and ruhig?

Approximate standard German pronunciation (IPA):

• Wohnung: [ˈvoːnʊŋ]

  • Wo: like English vo in vote, but with a longer o.
  • h is not pronounced separately; it just lengthens the vowel before it.
  • -nung: like noong, with a short u and a final ng.

• ruhig: commonly [ˈʁuːɪç]

  • r: German uvular r ([ʁ]), produced in the throat.
  • u: like oo in food, and long.
  • ig at the end often sounds like ich: -ich sound ([ɪç]).

In many regions, ruhig is also pronounced more like [ˈʁuːɪk] (ending with a k sound). Both are widely understood.

Is unten basically the same as English downstairs? Are there other ways to say this?

unten often corresponds to English downstairs / below / down there, depending on context.

In your sentence:

• Die Wohnung unten ist ruhig.
  • Natural translations:
    
    • The apartment downstairs is quiet.
    • The flat below is quiet.

Other common ways to express a similar idea:

• Die Wohnung im Erdgeschoss ist ruhig.
  = The apartment on the ground floor is quiet.

• Die Wohnung unter uns ist ruhig.
  = The apartment below us is quiet. (unter

  • uns)

• Die untere Wohnung ist ruhig.
  = The lower apartment is quiet.

But for a simple, everyday “downstairs,” unten is very common and natural.