Learn Hardcore German: Das Buch enthält viele neue Wörter.

In German main clauses, the finite verb always occupies the second position, even if another element (here Das Buch) comes first. This is known as the V2 (verb-second) rule.

What case and role does Das Buch have in this sentence?

Das Buch is in the nominative case because it is the grammatical subject of the sentence. The subject performs the action of the verb—in this case, the book “contains” something.

What case is viele neue Wörter, and how can I recognize it?

Viele neue Wörter is in the accusative plural. You can tell because it’s the direct object of enthält—it’s what gets “contained.” In German, masculine and neuter nouns have a distinct form in the accusative, but plural nouns keep the same form as in the nominative, so Wörter stays Wörter.

Why is the adjective neue ending in -e and not in -en or -es?

After a plural quantifier like viele (which carries no strong ending), adjectives take the weak ending -e in the accusative plural. The pattern is: – viele (no strong ending)
– neue (weak ending -e)
– Wörter (noun)

Why is Wörter capitalized?

All nouns in German are always capitalized, regardless of their position in the sentence. That’s why Wörter (words) has an initial capital letter.

What’s the difference between Wörter and Worte?

Wörter refers to individual, countable words (as in vocabulary items). Worte often appears in the phrase letzte Worte (last words) or in a poetic/special context meaning a set of connected utterances. Here you want Wörter because you’re talking about many separate new words.

Could I use haben instead of enthalten? For example, Das Buch hat viele neue Wörter?

Yes, you can say Das Buch hat viele neue Wörter, and native speakers will understand you perfectly. However, enthalten is more precise and somewhat more formal—it literally means “to contain.” Using haben is more colloquial.

Is enthalten a separable verb or always one piece?

Enthalten is an inseparable verb (it comes from the prefix ent- plus halten). Therefore, you never split it from its prefix: you always write and conjugate it as one word (enthält, enthielt, hat enthalten).