Breakdown of Tämä on talo, johon muutin viime vuonna.
Questions & Answers about Tämä on talo, johon muutin viime vuonna.
Johon is a relative pronoun that means something like into which / to which.
Its basic (dictionary) form is joka, which is the main Finnish relative pronoun (roughly that / which / who in English).
- joka = that / which / who
- johon = joka inflected in the illative case (the “into / to” case)
So structurally:
- joka (relative pronoun base form)
→ johon (illative form of joka = into which / to which)
Because muuttaa (to move house) normally takes the illative (move into something), the relative pronoun also has to be in the illative: johon.
In Finnish, the case of the relative pronoun must match the role it plays in the relative clause.
- The verb muuttaa (to move [house]) takes the illative:
- muutin taloon = I moved into the house
- muutin Suomeen = I moved to Finland
In the sentence:
- tämä on talo, johon muutin viime vuonna
the relative pronoun stands for talo inside the clause johon muutin:
- muutin taloon → muutin taloon = muutin siihen taloon = muutin taloon, johon muutin
So you need:
- johon (illative of joka, “into which”)
not just joka (nominative, “which / that”).
If you said:
- tämä on talo, joka muutin viime vuonna
that would be wrong for two reasons:
- joka is in the wrong case (it should be illative), and
- it would look like talo is the object of muutin (but muuttaa in this sense is usually intransitive: muutin taloon, not muutin talon).
The comma marks the start of a relative clause:
- tämä on talo, johon muutin viime vuonna
= This is the house (that I moved into last year).
In Finnish, a finite clause that starts with a relative pronoun like joka / johon / jossa etc. is normally separated by a comma from the main clause.
So structurally:
- Main clause: Tämä on talo (This is a house)
- Relative clause: johon muutin viime vuonna (into which I moved last year)
The comma is obligatory in standard written Finnish in this type of sentence.
Inside the relative clause, the destination is already represented by the relative pronoun johon, so you don’t repeat talo:
- muutin taloon = I moved into the house
- tämä on talo, johon muutin = this is the house (into which I moved)
Adding taloon would be redundant:
- ✗ tämä on talo, johon muutin taloon (ungrammatical / doubled)
You could add sisään:
- tämä on talo, johon muutin sisään viime vuonna
but that sounds heavier and is usually unnecessary; muutin + illative (johon) already implies moving into it. Muuttaa used with an illative (muuttaa johonkin) already means move in(to).
Yes, but with an important note:
- mihin is a general question/relative word (base form mikä) in the illative.
In spoken and colloquial Finnish, people often use mihin (or other forms of mikä) instead of the more formal joka-forms:
- tämä on talo, mihin muutin viime vuonna (colloquial / informal)
- tämä on talo, johon muutin viime vuonna (standard / neutral written style)
In formal written Finnish (essays, exams, official texts), johon is clearly preferred and considered correct standard language.
So:
- Spoken / informal: mihin muutin is common and natural.
- Standard written: johon muutin is the recommended form.
Yes. Finnish word order is flexible, and you can move viime vuonna around:
All of the following are grammatically correct:
- Tämä on talo, johon muutin viime vuonna.
- Tämä on talo, johon viime vuonna muutin.
The usual, most neutral order is verb shortly after the relative pronoun:
- johon muutin viime vuonna
Putting viime vuonna earlier (before muutin) might slightly emphasize the time:
- johon viime vuonna muutin
(a bit like stressing “last year” in English: …the house that LAST YEAR I moved into.)
But in normal conversation, the original sentence is the most typical.
Muutin is the past tense (simple past) of muuttaa.
- muutan = I move / I am moving
- muutin = I moved
In English, we might say:
- This is the house that I moved into last year.
That’s also a simple past. Finnish does not need a separate form like “have moved” here:
- English: This is the house I *have moved into.* (also possible in some contexts)
- Finnish: still just tämä on talo, johon muutin viime vuonna.
Perfect forms like olen muuttanut (I have moved) are used in Finnish too, but not in this structure when you’re just identifying a house and stating a time in the past.
Viime vuonna literally means “in the last year”, but idiomatically it’s just “last year”.
- viime = last / previous
- vuosi = year
- vuonna = “in the year” (vuosi in the essive case)
So:
- vuosi (basic form)
- vuonna (essive) = “in the year …”
You see this same pattern with specific years:
- vuonna 2020 = in the year 2020
- vuonna 1995 = in 1995
So viime vuonna = “in last year” → “last year”.
Yes, you can say:
- Muutin tähän taloon viime vuonna.
= I moved into this house last year.
This is a perfectly good sentence, but the structure and focus are different:
Tämä on talo, johon muutin viime vuonna.
- Main clause: this is the house (identifying the house)
- Extra info: that I moved into last year (relative clause)
- Focus: on the house (you’re pointing it out / identifying it).
Muutin tähän taloon viime vuonna.
- Statement about you and your moving.
- Focus: the fact of moving and the time; the house is part of the information, not what you’re “pointing at”.
So grammatically they both work, but you use them in slightly different discourse situations.
Tämä talo on, johon muutin… is not natural Finnish. The correct patterns are:
Tämä on talo, johon muutin viime vuonna.
= This is a/that house which I moved into last year.Tämä on se talo, johon muutin viime vuonna.
= This is the house that I moved into last year. (more specific)
or
- Tämä talo on se, johon muutin viime vuonna.
(less common, slightly different emphasis, but grammatical)
Key points:
- The verb on usually links tämä to a predicate (e.g. talo or se talo).
- You don’t normally split tämä talo with on in that way.
- So you either say Tämä on talo… or Tämä talo on se…, not Tämä talo on, johon…
The original is the natural, basic way to say it.
Yes, you can, and it changes the nuance:
- Tämä on talo, johon muutin viime vuonna.
= This is the house I moved into last year. - Tämä on talo, jossa asuin viime vuonna.
= This is the house I lived in last year.
Differences:
- johon muutin (illative + muuttaa) emphasizes the act of moving into the house at that time.
- jossa asuin (inessive + asua) emphasizes living there during that year, not specifically the move itself.
Both are grammatically the same type of structure:
talo, johon … / talo, jossa …, just with different verbs and cases to express different relationships (into which vs. in which).