Breakdown of Ohjaaja vastasi yleisön kysymyksiin rauhallisesti elokuvan jälkeen.
Questions & Answers about Ohjaaja vastasi yleisön kysymyksiin rauhallisesti elokuvan jälkeen.
Ohjaaja is a general word for someone who “directs” or “guides” something.
Common meanings:
- film / theatre director – the person who directs a movie or play
- coach / instructor – e.g. a sports coach, course instructor, camp leader
In this sentence, because elokuva (movie) is mentioned, ohjaaja is understood as the (film) director. Finnish doesn’t use articles, so context tells you whether it’s a director or the director.
Vastasi is the past tense, 3rd person singular of the verb vastata (“to answer, to reply”).
- hän vastaa = “he/she answers” (present)
- hän vastasi = “he/she answered” (past)
Since the sentence describes something that already happened (after the movie), the past tense vastasi is used.
There are two separate things going on:
- Yleisön – genitive form of yleisö (“audience”)
- kysymyksiin – illative plural of kysymys (“question”)
a) Yleisön (genitive)
- yleisö = “the audience”
- yleisön = “of the audience / the audience’s”
So yleisön kysymykset (nominative plural) would be “the audience’s questions”.
b) Kysymyksiin (illative plural)
The verb vastata usually takes its object in a case meaning “to, into” (illative) when you say “answer questions / a question”:
- vastata kysymykseen = “to answer a question”
- vastata kysymyksiin = “to answer (the) questions”
So yleisön kysymyksiin is literally “into the audience’s questions,” which idiomatically means “to (the) audience’s questions.”
Kysymyksiin is the illative plural of kysymys (“question”).
Forms of kysymys:
- nominative singular: kysymys – “question”
- partitive singular: kysymystä
- genitive singular: kysymyksen
- illative singular: kysymykseen – “into the question / to the question”
- nominative plural: kysymykset – “questions”
- illative plural: kysymyksiin – “into the questions / to the questions”
The -iin ending is one of the standard illative plural endings. With vastata, this is the normal pattern: vastata + illative.
Yleisön is the genitive singular of yleisö and marks possession:
- yleisö = “audience”
- yleisön kysymykset / kysymyksiin = “the audience’s questions”
If you said just yleisö kysymyksiin, it would be ungrammatical. The relationship “questions of the audience” needs to be shown by the genitive yleisön.
However, you could omit the possessor entirely if it’s clear from context:
- Ohjaaja vastasi kysymyksiin rauhallisesti elokuvan jälkeen.
= “The director answered (the) questions calmly after the movie.”
Here it’s no longer specifically “audience’s questions,” just “questions.”
Each form would mean something slightly different:
- kysymykset (nominative plural) – “the questions” (as a subject or a plain object)
- kysymyksiä (partitive plural) – “questions” in a partial/indefinite sense (“some questions”)
- kysymyksiin (illative plural) – “to (the) questions”
The verb vastata normally takes its target in the illative:
- vastata mihin? → kysymykseen / kysymyksiin
So kysymyksiin is the form required by vastata. Using kysymykset or kysymyksiä here would sound wrong to a native speaker.
- yleisön kysymykset = “the audience’s questions” (nominative plural, just naming them)
- e.g. Yleisön kysymykset olivat hyviä. – “The audience’s questions were good.”
- yleisön kysymyksiin = “to the audience’s questions” (illative plural, used with certain verbs)
- e.g. vastata yleisön kysymyksiin – “answer the audience’s questions”
So kysymykset is what they are; kysymyksiin is used with verbs that take an illative complement (here, vastata).
Rauhallinen is an adjective: “calm” (describing a noun).
Rauhallisesti is an adverb: “calmly” (describing how an action is done).
- rauhallinen ohjaaja = “a calm director” (adjective)
- Ohjaaja vastasi rauhallisesti = “The director answered calmly” (adverb)
Finnish usually forms adverbs from adjectives with -sti:
- nopea → nopeasti – fast → quickly / fast
- hidas → hitaasti – slow → slowly
- rauhallinen → rauhallisesti – calm → calmly
Jälkeen is a postposition, not a preposition.
Postpositions typically come after the noun they relate to, and that noun is in the genitive:
- talon takana – behind the house (house-GEN behind)
- koulun edessä – in front of the school (school-GEN in-front-of)
- elokuvan jälkeen – after the movie (movie-GEN after)
So the correct order is elokuvan jälkeen, not jälkeen elokuva.
Elokuvan is the genitive singular of elokuva (“movie, film”).
The postposition jälkeen (“after”) requires its complement in the genitive:
- mikä? elokuva – “what? movie”
- minkä jälkeen? elokuvan jälkeen – “after what? after the movie”
So elokuvan jälkeen literally means “after of the movie,” which is how Finnish expresses “after the movie.”
Yes, Finnish word order is fairly flexible, and both are fine:
- Ohjaaja vastasi yleisön kysymyksiin rauhallisesti elokuvan jälkeen.
- Ohjaaja vastasi rauhallisesti yleisön kysymyksiin elokuvan jälkeen.
The basic pattern Subject – Verb – Objects/Adverbials stays recognizable, and changing the order mostly affects emphasis or rhythm, not grammaticality.
In everyday speech and writing, both versions would sound natural.
A near word‑for‑word gloss would be:
- Ohjaaja – “director”
- vastasi – “answered”
- yleisön – “audience’s / of the audience”
- kysymyksiin – “into-the-questions / to the questions” (illative plural)
- rauhallisesti – “calmly”
- elokuvan – “of-the-movie” (genitive)
- jälkeen – “after”
So:
“The director answered calmly to the audience’s questions after the movie.”
Idiomatic English would drop the “to”:
“The director answered the audience’s questions calmly after the movie.”