Minä juon kahvia parvekkeella.

I drink coffee on the balcony.

Breakdown of Minä juon kahvia parvekkeella.

• minä: I
• kahvi: the coffee
• juoda: to drink
• -lla: on
• parveke: the balcony

Questions & Answers about Minä juon kahvia parvekkeella.

What does Minä mean, and do I have to include it?

Minä means I. Finnish verbs already show the subject in their endings—juon ends in -n, so it means I drink / I am drinking. In everyday speech you usually drop minä unless you want to emphasize I specifically. You can simply say:
Juon kahvia parvekkeella.

Why is kahvia not kahvi?

Because kahvia is the partitive form of kahvi. Verbs of consuming or actions that are ongoing or involve an indefinite amount use the partitive case. Thus juon kahvia literally means I drink some coffee (part of the whole).

What case is parvekkeella, and why do we use it?

Parvekkeella is the adessive case (surface case), formed by adding -lla/-llä to the stem of parveke. It indicates location on a surface, so parvekkeella means on the balcony. We use it to tell where the drinking is happening.

Can I omit minä and just say Juon kahvia parvekkeella?

Yes. Since juon already marks the subject as first person singular, Juon kahvia parvekkeella is perfectly natural and understood as I drink/am drinking coffee on the balcony.

How do I ask “Where are you drinking coffee?” in Finnish?

Use the interrogative missä (where) plus the verb form:
Missä juot kahvia?
You can answer with Juon kahvia parvekkeella (or include minä if you wish).

Can I change the word order, for example start with Parvekkeella?

Yes. Finnish word order is relatively free.
Parvekkeella juon kahvia.
puts focus on on the balcony. The neutral order is Subject–Verb–Object–Adverbial, but you can front any element for emphasis.

Does juon kahvia mean I drink coffee or I am drinking coffee?

Finnish present tense covers both habitual actions and actions in progress. Context tells you which:
– If you say it as a general habit, it means I drink coffee.
– If you’re actually sipping coffee on your balcony, it’s understood as I am drinking coffee.

How is juon formed from juoda?

The infinitive juoda (to drink) has the stem juo-. You add the first-person singular ending -n:
juo- + n → juon.
Many Finnish verbs have similar stem changes in the present tense.

What is the difference between parvekkeella and parvekkeelle?

Parvekkeella (adessive, -lla) means on the balcony (static location).
Parvekkeelle (allative, -lle) means onto/to the balcony (movement toward).
Example: Menen parvekkeelle = I go out onto the balcony.