Questions & Answers about Lompakkoni on täynnä kuitteja.
Why is lompakkoni written as one word with -ni at the end, and why isn’t there a separate word for “my”?
Finnish marks possession by adding a suffix directly to the noun. Here lompakko (“wallet”) + -ni (“my”) = lompakkoni (“my wallet”). You can optionally include the separate pronoun minun for emphasis—Minun lompakkoni on täynnä kuitteja—but it isn’t required.
What case is lompakkoni in, and how do I know it’s the subject?
Lompakkoni is in the nominative singular (despite the suffix, it remains nominative). In Finnish, the subject of the sentence stays in the nominative, so this form clearly tells you that “my wallet” is doing the “being full.”
What part of speech is täynnä, and why do we use it here instead of täysi?
Täynnä is a predicative adjective meaning “full.” When you say X on täynnä Y, you mean “X is full of Y.” You use täynnä after the verb olla (“to be”). On the other hand, täysi is the attributive form of “full” and goes before a noun (e.g. täysi lompakko = “a full wallet”), but cannot be used predicatively with a partitive object.
Why is kuitteja in the partitive plural, not the nominative plural kuitit?