Yksi mies lukee kirjaa.

One man reads a book.

Breakdown of Yksi mies lukee kirjaa.

• kirja: the book
• lukea: to read
• mies: the man
• yksi: one

Questions & Answers about Yksi mies lukee kirjaa.

What is the function of yksi in this sentence?

Yksi means "one" and serves as a numeral that modifies mies (man). It specifies that exactly one man is involved in the action, much like how we use "one" in English.

Why is the noun kirja presented as kirjaa rather than in its basic form?

Kirjaa is the partitive singular form of kirja (book). In Finnish, verbs like lukea (to read) typically take their objects in the partitive when the object is indefinite or when the action is seen as ongoing or incomplete. Even though the English translation might seem to imply a complete action, using the partitive here is standard in Finnish.

How is the verb lukee conjugated, and what does it tell us about the subject?

Lukee is the third-person singular, present indicative form of the verb lukea. This conjugation implies that the subject, mies (man), is singular and that the action—reading—is taking place in the present. The form directly agrees with the subject in number and tense.

What is the basic word order of the sentence, and how does it compare to English?

The sentence follows a Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) order: yksi mies (subject), lukee (verb), kirjaa (object). Although Finnish allows for flexible word order thanks to its case system, this straightforward SVO structure mirrors the typical pattern used in English.

Why are there no articles (like "a" or "the") in the sentence?

Finnish does not have articles in its grammar. Instead, specificity or indefiniteness is understood from context and the use of cases. In Yksi mies lukee kirjaa, the numeral yksi helps imply the singular, indefinite nature of the subject, while the case marking on kirjaa conveys the necessary nuances about the object.