Minulla on kissa ja koira.

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Breakdown of Minulla on kissa ja koira.

• koira: the dog
• kissa: the cat
• ja: and

Questions & Answers about Minulla on kissa ja koira.

Why do we say Minulla on instead of "Minä olen kissa ja koira"?

In Finnish, possession is typically indicated with the structure Minulla on (literally “on me is”) plus the thing being possessed. Instead of using the verb “to be” directly with the subject (“I am a cat and a dog”), Finnish uses the adessive case (-lla) on minä (making it minulla) combined with the verb on to express “I have.”

What case is being used in minulla, and what does it indicate?

Minulla uses the adessive case (the -lla ending). In this context, it indicates possession. So when you say minulla on, you’re literally saying “on me,” a common way to show “I have” in Finnish.

Why isn’t there an article like “a” or “the” before kissa and koira?

Finnish doesn’t use articles such as “a” or “the.” Nouns stand on their own. Context or additional words (like demonstratives) can provide specificity if needed, but if you just say kissa and koira, it generally means “(a) cat” and “(a) dog” without needing separate articles.

Can I change kissa and koira to plural if I have more than one cat or dog?

Absolutely. If you have more than one cat or dog, you can make them plural: kissoja (cats) or koiria (dogs) in the partitive form, which is common when expressing possession. For example, Minulla on kissoja ja koiria means “I have cats and dogs.”

Does ja work just like the English word “and”?

Yes. Ja in Finnish functions the same way as “and” in English. You use it to connect words, phrases, or clauses: kissa ja koira = “cat and dog.”