Nasa tabi ng bintana ang lamesa sa kusina.

A natural way to divide it is:

• Nasa tabi ng bintana = is beside the window
• ang lamesa sa kusina = the table in the kitchen / the kitchen table, depending on context

So the sentence structure is basically:

• predicate/location first
• topic noun phrase after

A very literal English reshaping would be:

• Beside the window is the table in the kitchen.

That sounds unusual in English, but it is a normal pattern in Filipino.

Here, nasa expresses location: is at / is in / is on / is by, depending on context.

In this sentence, nasa tabi ng bintana means is beside the window.

Yes, in modern standard writing, nasa is normally written as one word in this kind of sentence.

Filipino often does not need a separate verb equivalent to English to be in the same way English does.

In a sentence like this, the location expression itself functions as the predicate:

• Nasa tabi ng bintana = is beside the window

So instead of needing a separate word for is, Filipino can use the predicate directly.

Because Filipino very often uses a predicate-first pattern.

In this sentence:

• Nasa tabi ng bintana = predicate
• ang lamesa sa kusina = topic

That means the sentence is built more like:

• [Location/predicate] + [topic]

If you want a version that feels closer to English word order, you can say:

• Ang lamesa sa kusina ay nasa tabi ng bintana.

That is also correct.

Not exactly.

Ang is a marker for the topic/focus noun phrase in the sentence. In many translations, it lines up with English the, but its grammar job is different.

So in:

• ang lamesa

ang is marking lamesa as the main noun phrase being talked about.

English articles and Filipino markers do not match perfectly, so it is better to think of ang as a grammatical marker, not simply as the.

Because tabi commonly connects to the following noun with ng.

So:

• tabi ng bintana = literally side of the window
• as a whole, it means beside the window

This is a very common pattern:

• tabi ng pinto = beside the door
• tabi ng kama = beside the bed

Here, ng is linking tabi to the noun that follows it.

Sa is a very common marker for location or direction. Depending on context, it can correspond to English in, at, on, or to.

Here:

• sa kusina = in the kitchen

So sa is showing where something is located.

It can be a little ambiguous without context.

Possible readings include:

• the table in the kitchen is beside the window
• the table is beside the window in the kitchen

Many learners notice this kind of ambiguity in Filipino, and that is normal. Context usually makes the intended meaning clear.

If you want to make the table reading clearer, you can say:

• Ang lamesang nasa kusina ay nasa tabi ng bintana.
• Ang lamesa sa kusina ay nasa tabi ng bintana.

Yes. That sentence is correct.

It uses a structure that may feel more familiar to an English speaker:

• Ang lamesa sa kusina = topic first
• ay = linker in this inverted-style pattern
• nasa tabi ng bintana = predicate

So these are both natural:

• Nasa tabi ng bintana ang lamesa sa kusina.
• Ang lamesa sa kusina ay nasa tabi ng bintana.

The first is more naturally predicate-first, which is very common in Filipino.

Yes. Katabi ng bintana is also very natural and often sounds a bit more directly like next to the window or beside the window.

For example:

• Katabi ng bintana ang lamesa sa kusina.

Both are good:

• nasa tabi ng bintana
• katabi ng bintana

A simple way to feel the difference is:

• sa tabi ng... = at the side of...
• katabi ng... = next to...

In everyday use, both can work for this meaning.