Magsauli ka ng magasin.

Yes. As a standalone sentence, it is most naturally understood as a command directed at one person.

The pattern verb + ka + object is very common for direct instructions in Filipino:

• Umupo ka. = Sit down.
• Magbasa ka. = Read.
• Magsauli ka ng magasin. = Return a magazine.

Because magsauli here is the basic mag- verb form used for commands.

For mag- verbs:

• magsauli = basic/imperative form
• magsasauli = contemplated or future form

So:

• Magsauli ka ng magasin. = Return a magazine.
• Magsasauli ka ng magasin. = You will return a magazine.

It comes from the root sauli, which means return or give back.

Adding mag- forms an actor-focused verb:

• sauli = return, give back
• magsauli = to return/give back something

In this sentence, the person doing the action is the focus, and the thing being returned is marked differently.

Ka is the short form of the you pronoun used after the verb.

Compare:

• Ikaw is usually used at the beginning of a clause or for emphasis.
• Ka is used when the pronoun comes after the verb.

So:

• Magsauli ka... = natural
• Ikaw magsauli... = not the normal pattern here

A more natural emphatic use of ikaw would be something like:

• Ikaw ang magsauli ng magasin. = You are the one who will return the magazine.

Because the sentence uses an actor-focus verb: magsauli.

With actor-focus verbs:

• the actor takes the ang-type pronoun set
• for you (singular), that is ka
• the object is marked by ng

So:

• Magsauli ka ng magasin.

If you switch to an object-focus verb, then the pronoun changes:

• Isauli mo ang magasin.

Here:

• mo marks the actor
• ang magasin is the focused object

Here, ng marks the object of the verb.

So in ng magasin, it shows that magasin is the thing being returned.

It does not mean of in this sentence, even though ng can sometimes be translated that way in other contexts.

In this sentence:

• ka = the person doing the action
• ng magasin = the thing being returned

Because magsauli is an actor-focus verb, and with that pattern the object is usually marked by ng, not ang.

So:

• Magsauli ka ng magasin. = actor-focus
• Isauli mo ang magasin. = object-focus

This is one of the most important patterns in Filipino grammar:

• actor-focused verb → actor is prominent, object often takes ng
• object-focused verb → object is prominent, object often takes ang

Filipino does not use articles in the same way English does.

Words like ang and ng are not simple equivalents of the and a. They are grammatical markers.

In this sentence:

• ng magasin often feels indefinite or non-specific, something like a magazine
• if you mean a specific, known magazine, Filipino often prefers:
  • Isauli mo ang magasin.

So the idea of a/the is often shown through structure, markers, and context rather than a direct one-word match.

Both can express the idea of returning a magazine, but the grammar and emphasis are different.

Magsauli ka ng magasin

• actor-focus
• highlights the person doing the action
• object is marked with ng
• can feel less specific about the object

Isauli mo ang magasin

• object-focus
• highlights the thing being returned
• object is marked with ang
• often sounds more natural when talking about a specific magazine

A learner should get used to both patterns, because Filipino often chooses the verb form based on what is being emphasized.

Yes, sometimes.

• Magsauli ka ng magasin. = a direct command to one person
• Magsauli ng magasin. = more general, less directly addressed, like an instruction or rule

Including ka makes it clear that you are speaking directly to one person.

You can add po and, if needed, use kayo for politeness or plural address.

Examples:

• Magsauli po kayo ng magasin. = Please return a magazine.
• Pakisauli po ang magasin. = Please return the magazine.

Notes:

• po adds politeness
• kayo can mean you (plural), but it is also used politely for one older or respected person

Use mga for the plural noun:

• Magsauli ka ng mga magasin. = Return magazines.
• Isauli mo ang mga magasin. = Return the magazines.

So:

• magasin = magazine
• mga magasin = magazines

Filipino word order is somewhat flexible, but the normal and safest order here is:

• Magsauli ka ng magasin.

That verb-first pattern is very natural. If you rearrange the sentence, you may also need to change the markers or even the verb form.

So for learners, it is best to keep this sentence as-is until you are more comfortable with focus and case marking.