خواهرم پرده را کنار زد تا باغ را ببیند.

خواهرم is made of:

• خواهر = sister
• -م = my

So خواهرم literally means my sister.

This -م is an attached pronoun, often called a possessive ending. Persian commonly attaches these endings directly to nouns:

• برادرم = my brother
• کتابم = my book
• خانه‌ام = my house

So instead of using a separate word for my, Persian often adds it to the noun.

را marks a specific direct object.

In this sentence, it appears twice:

• پرده را = the curtain
• باغ را = the garden

A very important point: را does not simply mean the. Its job is grammatical: it shows that the noun is the direct object and is usually specific or definite.

So:

• پرده را کنار زد = she moved the curtain aside
• باغ را ببیند = so that she may see the garden

English learners often want to translate را as a word, but it is better to think of it as an object marker.

Yes, کنار زد functions as a single meaning unit.

This is a very common Persian pattern called a compound verb. Persian often forms verbs with:

• a non-verbal element, plus
• a light verb such as کردن, زدن, دادن, گرفتن, etc.

Here:

• کنار = aside / to the side
• زد = past form of زدن

But together کنار زدن means to move aside, to push aside, or to draw aside.

So you should learn کنار زدن as a whole expression, not just translate زدن literally.

Not really in this sentence.

The verb زدن often does mean to hit / strike, but in compound verbs it can take on a wider meaning. In کنار زدن, it does not mean physically hitting the curtain. It means something like:

• to push aside
• to pull aside
• to move aside

This is very common in Persian. The light verb in a compound does not always keep its basic literal meaning.

Here تا means so that or in order that.

So:

• خواهرم پرده را کنار زد تا باغ را ببیند
• My sister moved the curtain aside so that she could see the garden

This is a purpose clause: the second part explains why she moved the curtain.

Be careful, because تا can also mean until in other contexts. Here, because it introduces a purpose, it means so that.

Because after تا meaning so that / in order that, Persian usually uses the subjunctive.

So:

• ببیند = that she see / so that she may see / so that she can see

This is from the verb دیدن (to see). The form ببیند is the present subjunctive, third person singular.

Very roughly:

• می‌بیند = she sees / is seeing
• ببیند = that she see / so that she may see

In natural English, we usually translate this more smoothly as so that she could see or so that she can see.

Because Persian often leaves the subject unstated when it is clear from context or from the verb form.

In this sentence, the first clause already gives the subject:

• خواهرم = my sister

So in the second clause, Persian does not need to repeat او (she/he). The verb ببیند is third person singular, and the context makes it clear that the subject is still my sister.

This is very normal in Persian.

The basic Persian word order is usually Subject – Object – Verb.

This sentence follows that pattern:

• خواهرم = subject
• پرده را = object
• کنار زد = verb

Then in the purpose clause:

• باغ را = object
• ببیند = verb

So the full structure is:

• Subject + Object + Verb + Purpose marker + Object + Verb

This is one reason Persian can feel more verb-final than English.

Because both nouns are direct objects in their own clauses.

Clause 1:

• پرده را کنار زد
• the curtain is the thing being moved

Clause 2:

• باغ را ببیند
• the garden is the thing being seen

So each clause has its own direct object, and each object is marked with را.

A common transliteration is:

khâharam parde râ kenâr zad tâ bâgh râ bebinad

A rough pronunciation guide:

• خواهرم = khâ-ha-ram
• پرده را = par-de râ
• کنار زد = ke-nâr zad
• تا = tâ
• باغ را = bâgh râ
• ببیند = be-bi-nad

A few notes:

• خ is pronounced like the ch in German Bach or Scottish loch
• غ in باغ is a throaty sound
• â is a long a sound, like in father

Yes, in casual speech it would often sound more like:

خواهرم پرده رو کنار زد تا باغو ببینه

Compared with the written/formal version:

• را often becomes رو / ـو in speech
• ببیند often becomes ببینه in colloquial speech

So:

• پرده را → پرده رو
• باغ را → باغو
• ببیند → ببینه

The meaning stays the same, but the spoken version is more natural in everyday conversation.

In this sentence, باغ را strongly suggests a specific garden, so the garden is the most natural translation.

That is because را usually marks a specific direct object. So the sentence is not talking about just any garden in general, but a particular one the speaker has in mind.

Still, the most important thing is not that را equals the, but that it marks a specific object.