دکتری که مادرم دوست دارد، همیشه به او کمک میکند.

Here, دکتری means doctor, referring to a person, not doctorate.

The base word is دکتر = doctor. The final -ی often gives an indefinite sense, so literally it can feel like a doctor or a certain doctor. But because the relative clause که مادرم دوست دارد identifies which doctor, English may naturally translate it as the doctor.

So in this sentence, دکتری is best understood as the/a doctor that my mother likes. Persian does not have separate words for a and the, so context matters a lot.

که introduces a relative clause. Here it works like English who, that, or whom.

So:

دکتری که مادرم دوست دارد
= the doctor that my mother likes

A very useful pattern is:

noun + که + clause

Unlike English, Persian uses the same word که for people and things. It does not change to different forms like who/whom/which/that.

Normally, no. In a sentence like this, که is usually kept.

English can say both:

• the doctor that my mother likes
• the doctor my mother likes

But Persian normally needs the relative marker:

• دکتری که مادرم دوست دارد

Leaving out که would sound wrong or incomplete in standard Persian.

In this relative clause, the object is understood automatically. The missing object is the noun being described: دکتری.

So:

دکتری که مادرم دوست دارد
literally means
the doctor that my mother likes

Persian often leaves that slot empty in relative clauses. That is very normal.

A more explicit version is also possible, especially in speech:

دکتری که مادرم دوستش دارد

Here -ش means him/her/it, so that version is closer to the doctor that my mother likes him/her, though in natural English we would not say it that way.

مادرم means my mother.

It is made of:

• مادر = mother
• -م = my

In Persian, possessive endings often attach directly to the noun:

• مادرم = my mother
• مادرت = your mother
• مادرش = his/her mother

You can also say مادر من, but مادرم is very common and natural.

By itself, دوست can mean friend or dear/beloved, but in دوست داشتن, it is part of a compound verb meaning to like or to love.

So:

• دوست دارد = he/she likes
• مادرم دوست دارد = my mother likes

This is just a standard Persian expression. You should learn دوست داشتن as a whole verb.

Also, دارد is third-person singular, which matches مادرم because my mother is singular.

In Persian, کمک کردن usually takes به before the person receiving the help.

So:

• به او کمک می‌کند
• literally: helps to him/her
• naturally in English: helps him/her

This is just a difference between the two languages. English uses a direct object, but Persian usually uses به.

In everyday speech, به او often becomes بهش.

او can mean he, she, him, or her depending on context. Persian does not mark gender in pronouns.

In this sentence, the most natural interpretation is that او refers to مادرم, so the meaning is:

The doctor my mother likes always helps her.

But strictly speaking, او is gender-neutral and can be ambiguous if there is no context. If you wanted to make it completely clear, you could say:

همیشه به مادرم کمک می‌کند
= always helps my mother

The می‌ part marks the imperfective/habitual meaning in the present tense.

Because the sentence also has همیشه = always, می‌کند is understood as does / keeps doing / always does. So:

کمک می‌کند = helps

Without می‌, the meaning would be different and would not fit this normal present-tense statement.

Also, کمک می‌کند is a compound verb:

• کمک = help
• می‌کند = does

Together they mean helps.

The overall structure is:

دکتری که مادرم دوست دارد، همیشه به او کمک می‌کند.

You can think of it as:

• دکتری که مادرم دوست دارد = the doctor that my mother likes
• همیشه = always
• به او = to him/her
• کمک می‌کند = helps

So the main clause is basically:

[subject] + [adverb] + [prepositional phrase] + [verb]

Persian is generally an SOV language, so the verb usually comes at the end.

That is a good observation. Persian comma use is not exactly the same as English comma use.

Here, the comma mainly helps separate the long subject:

دکتری که مادرم دوست دارد

from the rest of the sentence:

همیشه به او کمک می‌کند

So the comma is acting more like a pause marker for clarity. In Persian writing, this is quite common, even where English might avoid a comma.

In standard spelling, it should be می‌کند with a half-space after می.

So the standard written form is:

کمک می‌کند

and not:

کمک میکند

However, many people type میکند or میکند informally, especially online. So you will definitely see both, but می‌کند is the standard form you should learn.

In speech, people often use more colloquial forms, for example:

دکتری که مادرم دوستش داره، همیشه بهش کمک می‌کنه.

Common spoken changes include:

• دارد → داره
• می‌کند → می‌کنه
• به او → بهش
• sometimes adding -ش in the relative clause: دوستش داره

The original sentence is perfectly fine, especially in more standard written Persian.