En la flughaveno multaj pasaĝeroj atendas kun grandaj valizoj.

La is the definite article, meaning the. In this sentence, en la flughaveno means in/at the airport, referring to a specific, understood place.

In Esperanto, it is very common to use la when the place is known from the situation, even if English might sometimes sound more general.

• en la flughaveno = in/at the airport
• en flughaveno = in an airport / in some airport

So here la makes the setting more definite.

Flughaveno is a compound word:

• flug- = flight
• haven- = harbor, port
• -o = noun ending

So flughaveno literally means something like flight-port, which is the Esperanto word for airport.

This is very typical of Esperanto: many words are built from smaller meaningful parts.

The ending -j marks the plural in Esperanto.

• pasaĝero = passenger
• pasaĝeroj = passengers

So multaj pasaĝeroj means many passengers.

This plural ending applies to nouns and also to adjectives that describe plural nouns.

Both patterns exist in Esperanto, but they are used a little differently.

• multaj pasaĝeroj = many passengers
  This treats them as individual people.
• multe da pasaĝeroj = a lot of passengers
  This emphasizes quantity more generally.

In this sentence, multaj pasaĝeroj is very natural because we are thinking of the passengers as a group of people standing there waiting.

Adjectives in Esperanto agree with the nouns they describe.

Here:

• valizo = suitcase
• valizoj = suitcases
• granda = big
• grandaj = big (plural)

So:

• grandaj valizoj = big suitcases

Because valizoj is plural, grandaj must also be plural.

In normal understanding, it describes the passengers: they are waiting, and they have big suitcases with them.

So the meaning is:

• many passengers, with big suitcases, are waiting

Grammatically, kun means with, and the phrase gives accompanying detail. In practice, listeners will usually understand that the suitcases belong to the passengers, not that the act of waiting is somehow done by means of suitcases.

Because there is no direct object here.

Let’s look at the parts:

• En la flughaveno = a prepositional phrase
• multaj pasaĝeroj = the subject
• atendas = the verb
• kun grandaj valizoj = another prepositional phrase

The verb atendi often takes a direct object when you say what someone is waiting for:

• Mi atendas la buson. = I am waiting for the bus.

But here it just says that they are waiting, without naming what they are waiting for. So no accusative is needed.

Yes. In Esperanto, atendi can be used both:

• transitively: atendi ion = to wait for something
• intransitively: atendi = to wait

So this sentence is completely normal. It simply tells us that the passengers are waiting, without saying for what.

In Esperanto, verbs do not change according to person or number.

So the same present-tense ending -as is used for:

• mi atendas = I wait / am waiting
• li atendas = he waits / is waiting
• ili atendas = they wait / are waiting

That is why multaj pasaĝeroj atendas is correct. The plural subject does not change the verb form.

Yes, but the meaning changes slightly.

• en la flughaveno = in the airport, inside the airport area/building
• ĉe la flughaveno = at the airport, near it or at that location more generally

In many situations, either could work, depending on what you want to emphasize.
This sentence uses en la flughaveno, which suggests being in the airport.

The word order here is very natural:

• En la flughaveno — setting
• multaj pasaĝeroj — subject
• atendas — verb
• kun grandaj valizoj — extra detail

Esperanto word order is fairly flexible because endings show grammatical roles clearly. For example, you could also say:

• Multaj pasaĝeroj atendas en la flughaveno kun grandaj valizoj.

That would still be understandable. But the original version is nice because it starts by setting the scene: At the airport...

The letter ĝ is pronounced like the s in measure or the g in genre.

So pasaĝeroj sounds approximately like:

• pa-sa-ZHE-roi

More exactly:

• pa as in papa
• sa
• ĝe with the zh sound
• roj with oj pronounced like English oy

Esperanto pronunciation is regular, so once you know the letters, the word is easy to read.

Yes, valizo is a borrowed/international-style word, related to words like valise in some European languages.

Esperanto uses both:

• compound words built from roots, like flughaveno
• international words, like pasaĝero and valizo

That mix is very normal in Esperanto. A sentence can contain both highly transparent compounds and more international vocabulary.

Usually it describes a scene happening now or at some particular moment:

• multaj pasaĝeroj atendas = many passengers are waiting

The present tense -as in Esperanto can cover:

• a present action
• a habitual action
• a general truth, depending on context

In this sentence, the most natural reading is a present scene: people are currently waiting at the airport.