Tago kun amikoj estas amuza.

to be

Breakdown of Tago kun amikoj estas amuza.

• amiko: the friend
• kun: with
• amuza: fun
• tago: the day

Questions & Answers about Tago kun amikoj estas amuza.

What does Tago mean, and why isn’t there an article before it?

Tago means “day.” In Esperanto there is only a definite article—la—but no indefinite article equivalent to “a” or “an.” Thus, when expressing general ideas like “day with friends is fun,” it’s perfectly normal to simply use Tago without an article.

How is the phrase kun amikoj constructed, and what does it translate to in English?

Kun means “with” and amikoj is the plural form of amiko (“friend”), indicated by the ending -oj. Together, kun amikoj translates to “with friends.” This combination forms a prepositional phrase that specifies who the day is spent with.

What is the role of estas in the sentence, and how does it compare to English?

Estas is the present tense form of the verb esti, which means “to be.” In this sentence, it functions as the copula (linking verb), acting exactly like the English “is” by connecting the subject (Tago kun amikoj) to the predicate adjective (amuza).

How does the adjective amuza function here, and why is it placed after the verb?

Amuza is an adjective meaning “fun” or “amusing.” In this sentence, it is used predicatively after the copula estas to describe the subject. Although adjectives in Esperanto typically precede the noun they directly modify, when used as a predicate (following a linking verb), they naturally come after the verb.

What is the overall structure of the sentence, and does Esperanto allow flexibility in word order compared to English?

The sentence follows a basic Subject-Copula-Predicate structure: Tago kun amikoj (subject) + estas (copula) + amuza (predicate adjective). Thanks to Esperanto’s consistent use of endings—-o for nouns and -a for adjectives—the roles of words remain clear even if the word order is altered. This means that while the provided order is common, Esperanto permits a more flexible arrangement than is typical in English.