Learn Hardcore Esperanto: La varma suno kreas belegan lumon ĉe la fajro en la vespero. - The warm sun creates a very beautiful light at the fire in the evening.

In Esperanto, the direct object of a sentence receives the accusative ending “-n.” In this sentence, "lumo" is the direct object of the verb "kreas" (creates), so it becomes "lumon." On the other hand, "suno" is the subject and therefore remains in the nominative form without an -n.

Why does the adjective "belega" appear as "belegan" in the sentence?

Adjectives in Esperanto must agree with the noun they modify in case. Since "lumo" is in the accusative (becoming "lumon"), its adjective "belega" also takes the accusative ending, resulting in "belegan."

What is the function of the preposition ĉe in this sentence?

The preposition ĉe means "at" or "near" and is used to indicate location. In the sentence, "ĉe la fajro" tells us where the beautiful light is being created—near or at the fire.

How does the phrase en la vespero function within the sentence?

The phrase en la vespero means "in the evening" and serves as a time indicator. It shows when the action—the sun creating the beautiful light—takes place.

What tense is used for the verb kreas, and how can you tell?

The verb kreas is in the present tense. In Esperanto, present tense verbs end in -as, so kreas means "creates" in the current or ongoing moment.

Is Esperanto’s word order strict, and what is the basic structure shown in this sentence?

While Esperanto allows for some flexibility in word order due to its clear grammatical markers (like the accusative ending), the typical structure is Subject-Verb-Object (SVO). In the sentence provided, "La varma suno" is the subject, "kreas" is the verb, and "belegan lumon" is the object. This standard order helps maintain clarity, especially for beginners.