Post la interkonsento ŝi kontrolas la ŝanĝmonon.

The -n marks the direct object of the verb.

In ŝi kontrolas la ŝanĝmonon:

• ŝi = the subject, the person doing the action
• kontrolas = checks / is checking
• la ŝanĝmonon = the thing being checked

So ŝanĝmono becomes ŝanĝmonon because it receives the action.

In Esperanto, -as is the present tense ending.

So kontrolas can mean:

• checks
• is checking
• sometimes even does check, depending on context

Esperanto does not force the same tense distinctions that English often does. The exact English translation depends on the situation, but the Esperanto form stays -as for present time.

Post is a preposition meaning after.

So post la interkonsento means after the agreement.

Here it introduces a time relationship: first the agreement happens, and then she checks the change.

La is the Esperanto definite article, equivalent to English the.

So:

• la interkonsento = the agreement
• la ŝanĝmono = the change

It is used because both things are understood as specific in the context.

Unlike English, Esperanto has only one article, la. There is no separate word for a or an.

Interkonsento is a noun.

You can break it down like this:

• inter- = between, mutual
• konsent- = agree
• -o = noun ending

So interkonsento literally suggests something like a mutual agreeing, which becomes agreement.

This is very typical Esperanto word-building: roots and affixes combine very regularly.

Ŝanĝmono is a compound word:

• ŝanĝ- = change
• mono = money

So it literally means change-money, that is, change in the money sense.

In Esperanto compounds, the last element is usually the main idea, and the earlier part modifies it. So ŝanĝmono is a kind of money.

Yes, to some extent.

Because Esperanto marks the direct object with -n, word order is more flexible than in English. For example, these are still understandable:

• Ŝi kontrolas la ŝanĝmonon post la interkonsento.
• Post la interkonsento la ŝanĝmonon ŝi kontrolas.

But the original order is the most neutral and natural:

• Post la interkonsento ŝi kontrolas la ŝanĝmonon.

So Esperanto allows flexibility, but learners should usually start with the normal subject-verb-object pattern unless they have a reason to emphasize something.

Ŝi means she.

Ŝia means her in the possessive sense, as in her book.

In this sentence, the word is the subject of the verb, so Esperanto uses ŝi:

• ŝi kontrolas = she checks

If you said ŝia, you would need a noun after it, such as ŝia mono = her money.

These letters are pronounced consistently in Esperanto:

• ŝ sounds like sh in ship
• ĝ sounds like the j in judge

So:

• ŝi sounds roughly like shee
• ŝanĝmono begins with something like shanj-
• interkonsento is pronounced with clear, regular vowels and consonants

One nice thing about Esperanto is that spelling and pronunciation are very regular.

Because change here is usually treated like a single amount or mass of money, not as separate countable items.

So la ŝanĝmono means the change as a whole.

If you wanted to talk about several separate kinds or amounts of change in a special context, you could use a plural form, but normally the singular is what you would expect here.

No. It is placed first here to set the time frame: after the agreement.

You could also say:

• Ŝi kontrolas la ŝanĝmonon post la interkonsento.

That means essentially the same thing.

Putting post la interkonsento first gives it a slight emphasis, similar to beginning an English sentence with After the agreement, ... rather than placing that phrase at the end.