La flikaĵo restas sur la truo sub premo.

La is the definite article, like the in English.

So:

• la flikaĵo = the patch
• la truo = the hole

Esperanto has only one definite article, la, and it never changes for number, gender, or case. That makes it much simpler than English or many European languages.

Flikaĵo means a patch or a patched piece/material used for mending.

It comes from:

• flik- = to patch, mend
• -aĵ- = a concrete thing made from or related to the root
• -o = noun ending

So flikaĵo is literally something like a patch-thing or a patched piece.

This -aĵo ending is very useful in Esperanto. It often makes a noun meaning a thing, object, or material connected with the root.

Restas comes from resti, which means to remain, to stay, or to keep being in a place/state.

So:

• estas = is
• restas = remains / stays

In this sentence, restas emphasizes that the patch stays on the hole rather than simply identifying where it is.

So the idea is closer to:

• The patch stays on the hole under pressure rather than just
• The patch is on the hole

Sur means on, while en means in.

So:

• sur la truo = on the hole
• en la truo = in the hole

A patch normally covers a hole from the surface, so sur la truo makes sense: it is on top of / over the hole area.

If you said en la truo, that would suggest the patch is actually inside the hole, which is usually a different image.

In practice, it can often feel like over the hole in English.

Esperanto sur primarily means on or on top of, with contact or support. But when you talk about covering an opening, English may naturally use over. So depending on context, the sense may be:

• physically on the hole
• functionally covering the hole

That is normal. The Esperanto wording is still sur la truo.

Literally, sub premo means under pressure.

Parts:

• sub = under
• premo = pressure

In context, this can mean:

• pressure is being applied
• the patch is held in place by pressure
• the situation is one of compression or pressing

Esperanto often uses this kind of short prepositional phrase very naturally. There is no article here because it means pressure in a general sense, not necessarily under the pressure of one specific named force.

Because there is no direct object here, and the places are expressed with prepositions.

The sentence is:

• La flikaĵo = subject
• restas = verb
• sur la truo = prepositional phrase
• sub premo = prepositional phrase

In Esperanto, the -n ending is mainly used for:

1. the direct object
2. direction toward a place in some expressions

Here, sur la truo describes location, not motion toward a location, so no -n is needed.

Compare:

• La flikaĵo estas sur la truo. = The patch is on the hole.
• Mi metas la flikaĵon sur la truon. = I put the patch onto the hole.

In the second sentence, flikaĵon is the direct object, and sur la truon can show movement onto that place.

Because sub premo is a set-type expression meaning under pressure.

Here:

• sub is a preposition
• it is followed by a noun: premo

Esperanto often uses a preposition + noun where English might use a more flexible phrase. So sub premo works very naturally.

You could think of it as:

• in a state of pressure
• under pressure
• with pressure applied

Yes, Esperanto word order is fairly flexible, because the endings and prepositions make the grammatical roles clear.

For example, these would still be understandable:

• Sub premo la flikaĵo restas sur la truo.
• La flikaĵo sub premo restas sur la truo.

But the original order is straightforward and neutral:

• La flikaĵo restas sur la truo sub premo.

A learner should usually prefer the most neutral order unless there is a reason to emphasize something.

A helpful rough guide is:

flee-KAH-zho

More exactly:

• fli = flee
• ka = kah
• ĵo = like the s in measure plus o

Important point:

• ĵ is pronounced like the sound in measure, vision, or beige

So flikaĵo sounds approximately like flee-KAH-zho.

Yes. Truo is the ordinary word for hole.

It comes from the root tru- and the noun ending -o.

Examples:

• Estas truo en la muro. = There is a hole in the wall.
• La truo estas tro granda. = The hole is too big.

So in your sentence, la truo is just the normal way to say the hole.

It breaks down like this:

• La flikaĵo = the subject, the patch
• restas = the verb, remains/stays
• sur la truo = location, on the hole
• sub premo = condition/circumstance, under pressure

So the sentence structure is basically:

Subject + verb + location + condition

That makes it a very typical Esperanto sentence: clear noun endings, a finite verb, and extra information added through prepositional phrases.