Estas via ludvico.

In Esperanto, you often do not need a dummy subject like English it.

So where English says It is your turn, Esperanto can simply say Estas via ludvico.

This is especially common in expressions about time, weather, turns, and general states, where English uses it but Esperanto does not need to.

Via means your.

It is a possessive pronoun/adjective formed from vi (you). It works like an adjective before a noun:

• via libro = your book
• via vico = your turn

Like adjectives, possessives can also take -j and -n when needed:

• viaj libroj = your books
• vian libron = your book (as a direct object)
• viajn librojn = your books (as direct objects)

In Estas via ludvico, via modifies ludvico.

Ludvico is a compound word:

• ludo = game / play
• vico = turn, place in a sequence, row, depending on context

So ludvico literally means something like game-turn or turn in the game.

This kind of compounding is very common in Esperanto. The last part is usually the main idea, so ludvico is a kind of vico related to ludo.

Esperanto very often forms new words by combining roots into a single compound word.

So instead of saying something like game turn as two separate words, Esperanto commonly makes one word:

• lud
  • vic
    • o → ludvico

This is normal Esperanto word-building and one of the language’s most useful features.

You may also hear or see vico by itself if the context already makes it clear that it is a turn in a game.

Yes. Estas via vico is also natural and probably more common in many situations.

The difference is mainly one of specificity:

• via vico = your turn
• via ludvico = your turn in the game

So ludvico adds a little more information. If the context is already a game, vico alone is often enough.

In Esperanto, you normally do not use la together with a possessive like via.

So you say:

• via libro = your book
• via vico = your turn

not usually:

• la via libro
• la via vico

The possessive already makes the noun definite enough.

Because there is no direct object here.

The sentence is built with estas (is/are) plus a predicate phrase:

• Estas = is
• via ludvico = your turn

The -n ending is mainly used for direct objects and for some expressions of direction. Neither of those applies here.

So the basic form ludvico is correct.

Esperanto word order is fairly flexible, but not every possible order sounds equally natural.

The most natural version here is:

• Estas via ludvico.

You could also say:

• Via ludvico estas.

but that sounds unusual, incomplete, or stylistically marked in normal conversation.

If you want a more neutral sentence with the noun phrase first, you would more likely say:

• Via ludvico estas nun.
• Via vico estas nun.

Still, for the simple idea It’s your turn, Estas via ludvico is perfectly good.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

• Estas → ES-tas
• via → VI-a
• ludvico → lud-VI-tso

A few useful points:

• Stress in Esperanto is always on the second-to-last syllable.
• c is pronounced ts.
• u sounds like oo in food.
• v is pronounced like English v.

So the stresses are:

• EStas
• VIa
• ludVIco

It can be used generally for a turn in a game or play activity.

However, in everyday speech, people often just say vico if the context already makes it clear. For example, if everyone is already playing something, Estas via vico may be more common than Estas via ludvico.

So ludvico is understandable and clear, but vico is often enough in real use.