La salajro estas alta.

La is the definite article, meaning the.

So:

• la salajro = the salary
• salajro = salary / a salary

Esperanto has only one article, la, and it does not change for gender, number, or case in normal use.

Whether you use la depends on meaning:

• La salajro estas alta. = The salary is high.
• Salajro estas grava. = Salary is important. / A salary is important. depending on context

Since you said the meaning is already known to the learner, the important grammar point is that la works much more simply than English the.

The ending -o marks a noun in Esperanto.

So salajro is a noun meaning salary.

This is one of the most basic Esperanto patterns:

• -o = noun
• -a = adjective
• -e = adverb
• -i = infinitive verb

That means learners can often recognize a word’s job in the sentence just from its ending.

In this sentence:

• salajr-o = salary

Estas is the present-tense form of esti, which means to be.

So:

• esti = to be
• estas = is / am / are

Esperanto does not change the present tense form depending on the subject:

• mi estas = I am
• vi estas = you are
• li estas = he is
• la salajro estas = the salary is

That makes Esperanto much simpler than English in this area.

In La salajro estas alta, estas links the subject la salajro with the description alta, just like is in English.

Because alta is an adjective, and adjectives in Esperanto end in -a.

• alta = high
• alto = height

So:

• La salajro estas alta. = The salary is high.
• La alto estas granda. = The height is great.

This is a very common beginner point: changing the ending changes the word class.

Because after estas, Esperanto normally uses an adjective, not an adverb, when you are describing the subject.

Here, alta describes la salajro, so it must be an adjective:

• alta = high, as a quality of a noun
• alte = highly / high up, as an adverb

So:

• La salajro estas alta. = correct
• La salajro estas alte. = not correct for this meaning

A good rule is:

• If the word describes a noun, use -a
• If the word describes a verb, use -e

Yes. In Esperanto, adjectives agree with the nouns they describe in number and case.

Here, salajro is:

• singular
• not accusative

So the adjective is simply:

• alta

If the noun were plural, the adjective would also become plural:

• La salajroj estas altaj. = The salaries are high.

If there were an accusative ending, the adjective would match that too.

In this sentence, though, no extra ending is needed.

Because there is no direct object here.

The sentence has this structure:

• subject: La salajro
• verb: estas
• predicate adjective: alta

The -n ending is mainly used for the direct object, and also in some other uses such as motion toward something. But here, salajro is the subject, not an object, and alta is a predicate adjective after estas, so neither takes -n.

That is why the sentence stays:

• La salajro estas alta.

not:

• La salajron estas alta
• La salajro estas altan

The normal and clearest word order is exactly what you see:

• La salajro estas alta.

Esperanto word order is more flexible than English because the endings show grammatical roles, but with esti sentences, this standard order is usually the most natural for learners and in ordinary usage.

So yes, other arrangements may sometimes appear for style or emphasis, but this version is the straightforward default.

Yes, alta can mean high or tall, depending on context.

Its core idea is something like high in position, level, or amount. So it can be used for:

• a tall person
• a high wall
• a high number
• a high salary

In this sentence, because the noun is salary, the natural English meaning is high, not tall.

So La salajro estas alta is perfectly normal.

A helpful pronunciation guide is:

sa-LAJ-ro

A few key points:

• Stress in Esperanto is almost always on the second-to-last syllable.
• So the stress is on LAJ.
• The letter j is pronounced like English y.

So salajro sounds roughly like sah-LIE-ro or sah-LAI-ro, with j acting like y.

And the full sentence is pronounced roughly:

la sa-LAJ-ro ES-tas AL-ta

You could, but it would not mean exactly the same thing.

• alta = high
• granda = big / large

For amounts such as salary, price, level, or number, alta is usually the more natural choice when you mean high.

So:

• La salajro estas alta. = The salary is high. ← best choice
• La salajro estas granda. = The salary is large. ← understandable, but less standard for this idea

English speakers often overuse words equivalent to big/large, so this is a useful distinction to learn early.