Augustus is warm.

Yes. In this sentence, Augustus means the month August.

A small note: in Dutch, the month is normally written augustus with a lowercase a. It is capitalized here only because it is the first word of the sentence.

Depending on context, augustus can also be a male first name or refer to Augustus from Roman history, but in a simple sentence like this, the month is the natural reading.

Because it is at the beginning of the sentence.

In Dutch, names of months are usually not capitalized:

• in augustus
• augustus was warm

But at the start of a sentence, Dutch follows the normal capitalization rule:

• Augustus is warm.

So this capital letter does not mean months are always capitalized in Dutch.

Dutch normally uses month names without an article when talking about the month in a general way.

So you say:

• Augustus is warm.
• Juli was nat.
• In september begint school.

This is similar to English, where you also usually say August is warm, not the August is warm.

Is is the present tense, third-person singular form of the verb zijn, which means to be.

So:

• ik ben = I am
• jij bent = you are
• hij/zij/het is = he/she/it is

In Augustus is warm, augustus is treated as a singular subject, so Dutch uses is.

Because warm is being used as a predicate adjective after the verb is.

In Dutch, adjectives usually have no ending when they come after a linking verb like zijn:

• De dag is warm.
• Het water is koud.
• Augustus is warm.

You often see -e when the adjective comes before a noun:

• een warme dag
• de warme zomer
• een warme augustusmaand

So:

• Augustus is warm. = correct
• warme would not be correct here

Yes, in this basic main clause it is very similar to English:

subject + verb + adjective

• Augustus = subject
• is = verb
• warm = adjective

So:

• Augustus is warm.

This is a very straightforward Dutch sentence.

It can mean either one, depending on context.

Dutch, like English, often leaves that open:

• Augustus is warm. can mean August is a warm month in general.
• It can also mean This August is warm if the conversation is about the current year.

If you want to be more specific, Dutch can make that clearer:

• In augustus is het warm. = It is warm in August / In August it is warm.
• Deze augustus is warm. is not very natural, though; Dutch would usually rephrase it another way if you mean a specific August.

A rough pronunciation guide:

• augustus ≈ OW-ghus-tus
• warm ≈ varm or wahrm, depending on accent

A few details:

• The au in augustus sounds a bit like ow in how.
• The Dutch g is a throat sound that English does not really have.
• The w in Dutch is usually not exactly like English w; it is often closer to a soft v sound.
• r pronunciation varies by region.

You do not need perfect pronunciation right away; the main tricky parts are the Dutch g and w.

Yes, absolutely. That is a very natural Dutch sentence.

Compare:

• Augustus is warm. = August is warm.
• In augustus is het warm. = It is warm in August.

The first talks about August as the subject. The second talks about the weather in August.

Often, learners will hear In augustus is het warm more often in everyday speech, because it sounds a little more natural when talking about weather patterns.

Because warm usually means pleasantly or generally warm, while heet means hot.

So:

• Augustus is warm. = August is warm.
• Augustus is heet. = August is hot.

Dutch uses heet for stronger heat. If you say warm, it sounds milder and more neutral.

Yes. If it is not the first word, it is normally lowercase:

• In augustus is het warm.
• Het weer in augustus is vaak mooi.

So the dictionary form is augustus, not Augustus.