Jeg bliver bedre til dansk, når jeg øver mig hver dag.

Because bliver means become / get, while er means am / is / are.

So:

• Jeg bliver bedre til dansk = I am getting better at Danish
• Jeg er bedre til dansk = I am better at Danish

The first one describes change over time. The second one describes a current state.

Bedre means better. It is the comparative form of god in this kind of meaning.

Examples:

• god = good
• bedre = better
• bedst = best

In this sentence, bedre shows improvement: the speaker is improving in Danish.

In Danish, when you talk about being good or better at a subject or skill, the usual pattern is:

• god til
• bedre til
• dårlig til

So:

• Jeg er god til dansk = I am good at Danish
• Jeg bliver bedre til dansk = I am getting better at Danish

For an English speaker, this is worth memorizing as a fixed pattern: god/bedre til noget.

In Danish, languages and nationalities are normally written with a lower-case letter.

So:

• dansk = Danish
• engelsk = English
• tysk = German

This is different from English, where Danish and English are capitalized.

Here, når means when.

The sentence means that improvement happens when the speaker practices every day.

A useful basic distinction is:

• når = when (for something that happens regularly, generally, or in the future)
• da = when (for a specific event in the past)

Examples:

• Når jeg øver mig, bliver jeg bedre. = When I practice, I get better.
• Da jeg var barn, boede jeg i Aarhus. = When I was a child, I lived in Aarhus.

Because Danish normally uses a comma before a subordinate clause.

Here, når jeg øver mig hver dag is a subordinate clause introduced by når.

So the structure is:

• main clause: Jeg bliver bedre til dansk
• subordinate clause: når jeg øver mig hver dag

That is why there is a comma before når.

Øver mig means practice in the sense of practice something / train myself.

The verb is øve sig, which is a reflexive verb. That means it often uses a reflexive pronoun:

• jeg øver mig = I practice
• du øver dig = you practice
• han/hun øver sig = he/she practices

So mig is there because Danish often says øve sig where English simply says practice.

The base form is at øve sig.

In the sentence, øver is the present tense:

• at øve sig = to practice
• jeg øver mig = I practice / I am practicing

So øver is the present-tense form that matches jeg.

Because in Danish, object pronouns usually come after the verb.

So:

• jeg øver mig
• du ser mig
• han kender dig

In jeg øver mig, the normal order is:

• jeg = subject
• øver = verb
• mig = reflexive pronoun/object

That is standard Danish word order.

Hver dag means every day.

• hver = each / every
• dag = day

So hver dag is the natural Danish way to say every day.

Examples:

• Jeg læser hver dag. = I read every day.
• Hun træner hver dag. = She trains every day.

Yes, in normal context it often expresses that idea.

Literally, it is I am getting better at Danish, but in natural English that can overlap with:

• My Danish is improving

A close Danish alternative would be:

• Mit dansk bliver bedre.

So the original sentence focuses on the person improving, while Mit dansk bliver bedre focuses more on the language ability itself.

Yes. Danish often uses the present tense for something that is happening generally or repeatedly.

• Jeg bliver bedre til dansk = I am getting better at Danish
• når jeg øver mig hver dag = when I practice every day

Even though improvement happens over time, the present tense is completely natural here because it describes an ongoing process or general truth.

Yes, but the meaning changes a little.

• når jeg øver mig hver dag suggests when I practice every day as a general or expected situation.
• hvis jeg øver mig hver dag means if I practice every day, which sounds more conditional or uncertain.

So:

• Jeg bliver bedre til dansk, når jeg øver mig hver dag.
  = I get better at Danish when I practice every day.

• Jeg bliver bedre til dansk, hvis jeg øver mig hver dag.
  = I get better at Danish if I practice every day.

The first sounds more like a general rule; the second sounds more hypothetical.

Very natural translations would be:

• I get better at Danish when I practice every day.
• I’m getting better at Danish when I practice every day.
• My Danish gets better when I practice every day.

The exact English version depends on context, but the Danish sentence itself is completely natural and straightforward.