Vi venter ti minutter på stationen.

Venter is the present tense of at vente (to wait).

In Danish, the present tense often covers several English ideas:

• we wait
• we are waiting
• sometimes even we will wait, if the context makes it future

So Danish does not usually need a separate form like English are waiting.

That is very normal in Danish.

English says:

• We wait for ten minutes

But Danish often says simply:

• Vi venter ti minutter

A time duration can come directly after the verb, without a separate word like for.

So:

• ti minutter = ten minutes
• together with venter, it means wait for ten minutes

Here it means a duration: ten minutes of waiting.

If Danish wants to talk about a clock time like at ten o’clock, it would usually look different, for example:

• klokken ti = at ten o’clock

So ti minutter here is clearly how long.

Because prepositions do not match perfectly between English and Danish.

In this expression, Danish normally says:

• på stationen

even though English says:

• at the station

So this is something you should learn as a natural Danish phrase.
It does not mean that you are physically on top of the station.

In Danish, the definite article is often added to the end of the noun.

So:

• station = station
• stationen = the station

This is one of the big differences from English.
Instead of putting the before the noun, Danish often adds -en, -et, or another ending to the noun itself.

Because in simple cases, Danish usually uses the attached definite ending instead of a separate word.

So:

• stationen = the station

But if there is an adjective, Danish usually uses both:

• den store station = the big station

So in your sentence, with just the noun by itself, stationen is the normal form.

Good question. In this sentence, på belongs to stationen, not to venter.

So the structure is:

• Vi venter = We wait / are waiting
• ti minutter = for ten minutes
• på stationen = at the station

That means the sentence is about where the waiting happens.

If på were part of vente på, then it would introduce what or who you are waiting for, for example:

• Vi venter på toget = We are waiting for the train

You can even combine both ideas:

• Vi venter på toget på stationen = We are waiting for the train at the station

Yes. That is very common.

English often distinguishes between:

• we wait
• we are waiting

Danish usually just uses the present tense:

• vi venter

Context tells you whether it is a general fact, something happening now, or even a near-future plan.

Yes, but the sentence follows the normal Danish pattern.

The basic order is:

• Vi = subject
• venter = finite verb
• then other information such as duration and place

So Vi venter ti minutter på stationen is a normal main clause.

A very important Danish rule is that the finite verb is in second position in main clauses.
That means if you move something else to the front, the verb still stays second:

• På stationen venter vi ti minutter.

That is also grammatical, but it gives extra emphasis to på stationen.

The dictionary form is:

• at vente = to wait

In Danish, verbs are usually listed with at in dictionaries, like English to + verb.

So:

• at vente = infinitive
• venter = present tense

Because Danish, like English, normally does not use an article before a plain number expression of this kind.

So:

• ti minutter = ten minutes

You would not say the equivalent of a ten minutes or the ten minutes unless the meaning specifically required it in a different structure. Here it is just a simple duration phrase.