Druhý pas je v tašce.

Druhý most basically means second.

So Druhý pas means the second passport.

Depending on context, druhý can also sometimes be understood as another / a second one, especially if you are contrasting one item with a different one. But in a simple sentence like this, the safest core meaning is second.

Because it has to agree with pas.

Pas is:

• masculine
• singular
• nominative here, because it is the subject of the sentence

So the adjective also takes the masculine singular nominative form:

• druhý pas

If the noun changed, the adjective would change too. For example:

• druhá taška = second bag
• druhé auto = second car

Pas is in the nominative singular.

It is the subject of the sentence:

• Druhý pas je v tašce.
• The second passport is in the bag.

In Czech, the subject is usually in the nominative.

Je means is.

It is the 3rd person singular form of the verb být, which means to be.

A few forms of být in the present tense are:

• jsem = I am
• jsi / jste = you are
• je = he/she/it is
• jsme = we are
• jsou = they are

So:

• pas je = the passport is

Because the preposition v meaning in usually requires the locative case when it expresses location.

The basic dictionary form is:

• taška = bag

But after v for location, it changes to the locative singular:

• v tašce = in the bag

So:

• taška → v tašce

This is a very common pattern in Czech: the noun changes form after a preposition.

Tašce is locative singular.

It is in the locative because it follows v in the sense of in / inside, describing where something is.

So the structure is:

• v
  • locative for location

Examples:

• v tašce = in the bag
• v domě = in the house
• v autě = in the car

Usually, yes, v often means in.

But depending on context, it can also be translated as:

• in
• at
• sometimes inside

For this sentence, in is the natural translation:

• v tašce = in the bag

Also, learners should know that v can be used with different cases depending on meaning:

• v
  • locative = location, in
• v
  • accusative = movement into, mostly in more formal or literary usage

Here it is clearly location, so it is locative.

Because Czech normally does not use articles like English a and the.

So:

• pas can mean a passport or the passport
• druhý pas can mean a second passport or the second passport

The exact meaning depends on context.

That is completely normal in Czech. Czech speakers understand definiteness from the situation, word order, and context rather than from articles.

Yes. Czech word order is more flexible than English word order.

Druhý pas je v tašce is a normal, neutral sentence.

But other orders are possible, for example:

• V tašce je druhý pas.

This could put more focus on where it is.

Because Czech uses case endings, word order is often used more for emphasis or information structure than for basic grammar.

A simple approximate pronunciation is:

droo-hee pas yeh f tash-tseh

A few useful details:

• dr in druhý is pronounced together
• hý sounds roughly like hee with a long vowel
• je sounds like ye
• v is often pronounced like f before an unvoiced consonant, so v tašce sounds close to f tašce
• š sounds like sh
• ce here sounds like tse

So tašce sounds roughly like tash-tseh.

In many contexts, pas means passport, and that is the natural meaning here.

But Czech pas can also mean:

• an animal passport
• a pass in some technical or sports contexts
• in some contexts, even something like a fit/match

Still, in a basic learner sentence like Druhý pas je v tašce, passport is by far the most likely meaning.

Yes, but the meaning changes slightly because kabelka is usually a handbag / purse, while taška is a more general bag.

So:

• v tašce = in the bag
• v kabelce = in the handbag / purse

Both are grammatically correct. The noun just changes according to what kind of bag you mean.