Brzy ráno tam jsou ptáci a vítr je studený.

Early in the morning there are birds there and the wind is cold.

Breakdown of Brzy ráno tam jsou ptáci a vítr je studený.

• být: to be
• a: and
• ráno: the morning
• brzy: early

Questions & Answers about Brzy ráno tam jsou ptáci a vítr je studený.

In Brzy ráno, why is ráno used without a preposition like v (as in v ráno) to mean in the morning?

In Czech, some time expressions are used without a preposition and function almost like adverbs.

Ráno by itself already means in the morning. So:

• ráno = in the morning
• brzy ráno = early in the morning

Other similar words are:

• večer = in the evening
• odpoledne = in the afternoon

You do not say v ráno in standard Czech. You just say ráno (or brzy ráno, každé ráno, etc.).

What cases are ráno, ptáci, vítr, and studený in this sentence?

• ptáci – nominative plural (subject of jsou)
• vítr – nominative singular (subject of je)
• studený – nominative singular masculine, agreeing with vítr
• ráno – formally nominative singular, but used adverbially as a time expression (meaning in the morning)

So, the real grammatical subjects are ptáci and vítr; the rest are adverbials or predicates.

Why is it jsou ptáci and not ?