Chci hníst chlebové těsto.

Because Czech usually leaves subject pronouns out when they are already clear from the verb form. Chci already means I want, so já is not necessary.

You could say Já chci hníst chlebové těsto, but that would usually add emphasis, for example I want to knead the bread dough.

Chci is the 1st person singular present tense form of chtít, which means to want.

So:

• chtít = to want
• chci = I want

This is a very common verb, and its forms are somewhat irregular, so it is worth memorizing early.

After chtít, Czech normally uses an infinitive for the second verb, just like English uses want + to + verb.

So:

• chci hníst = I want to knead

In Czech, there is no separate word like English to in this structure. The infinitive itself is enough.

A few things are unusual for English speakers here:

• ch in chci is not the English sound in chair. It is the rough sound heard in Scottish loch or German Bach.
• c in Czech is always like ts.
• So chci is roughly kh-tsi, said quickly as one word.

For hníst:

• í is a long vowel, so it is held a little longer.
• The n before í is softened.

So hníst may sound a bit unusual at first, but the important point is that the í is long.

Because chlebové has to agree with těsto.

The dictionary form of the adjective is chlebový = bread-, made for bread, bread-related. But těsto is:

• neuter
• singular

So the adjective must also be in the neuter singular form:

• chlebový = masculine singular
• chlebové = neuter singular

That is why we say chlebové těsto.

It is in the accusative, because it is the direct object of hníst.

You are kneading what?
→ chlebové těsto

However, with a neuter singular noun like těsto, the nominative and accusative look the same. So even though it is accusative here, the form does not change.

English often puts one noun directly in front of another: bread dough, chicken soup, stone wall.

Czech usually does this differently. Very often, the first noun becomes an adjective:

• chléb = bread
• chlebový = bread-related / for bread
• chlebové těsto = bread dough

So this is a very normal Czech pattern.

Hníst is imperfective. It focuses on the process or activity of kneading.

A common perfective partner is uhníst, which means something like to knead successfully / to knead to completion.

So the difference is roughly:

• chci hníst těsto = I want to be kneading dough / I want to knead dough
• chci uhníst těsto = I want to knead the dough completely / get it done

At an early stage, it is enough to remember that hníst is the basic process verb.

Yes. Czech word order is fairly flexible.

The neutral version is:

• Chci hníst chlebové těsto.

But you could also move things around for emphasis, for example:

• Chlebové těsto chci hníst. = It is bread dough that I want to knead.

The basic meaning stays similar, but the emphasis changes. Czech often uses word order to show what is new, important, or contrasted information.

No. It is a natural and standard way, but there are other possibilities depending on style and context.

For example:

• těsto na chléb = dough for bread

That is also natural Czech. The version with chlebové těsto is compact and very normal, especially when naming the type of dough.