Learn Hardcore Chinese: zhège diànshì jiémù měige xīngqī dōu yǒu hěnduō xīnwén. - This TV program has a lot of news every week.

Even though the program is just one, the “all” is referring to all the weeks, not to all the programs.
You could think of it as: “In every week, it has a lot of news.”

Can I omit 都 and just say 这个电视节目每个星期有很多新闻? Does it change the meaning?

Yes, you can omit 都, and the sentence is still grammatically correct:

这个电视节目每个星期有很多新闻。

Difference:

With 都: 每个星期都 strongly emphasizes “every single week, without exception.”
Without 都: It still means “every week,” but the emphasis is a bit lighter, more neutral.

In everyday speech, both are very natural. Speakers often add 都 after 每 to sound smoother and more idiomatic, especially in spoken Mandarin:

每个人都知道。 – Everyone knows.
每天都有作业。 – There’s homework every day.

What is the role of 个 in 每个星期? Can I say 每星期 instead?

个 here is a measure word (classifier). The pattern is:

每 + measure word + noun

So:

每个星期
- 每 – every
- 个 – measure word
- 星期 – week

You can say 每星期, and it is still correct and used in real life. For 星期, the measure word 个 is:

very common, especially in spoken Mandarin, and
often felt as almost part of the word.

So:

每(个)星期 – both are acceptable.
With 个 sounds a bit more colloquial/natural in many dialects/contexts, but this is subtle.

Why is there no measure word before 新闻? Shouldn’t nouns usually need a measure word in Chinese?

Chinese uses measure words when you count or specify quantity of countable things:

两条新闻 – two news items (条 is a measure word)
几条重要的新闻 – a few important news items

In this sentence, 新闻 is treated more like an uncountable/mass noun (like “water” or “information”):

很多新闻 – a lot of news (an amount, not a counted number)

With 很多, you do not have to use a classifier; 很多 + noun is standard when you just mean “a lot of [that thing]” in a general sense.

If you wanted to emphasize individual news items, you could say:

有很多条新闻 – there are many (separate) news items.

Both are correct; 很多新闻 is just more general.

Why do we use 有 here instead of 是? Can I say 这个电视节目每个星期是很多新闻?

You cannot say 这个电视节目每个星期是很多新闻; that is ungrammatical.

Key idea:

是 links two noun phrases: “A is B.”
- 他是老师。 – He is a teacher.
有 expresses possession or existence: “have / there is/are.”
- 我有书。 – I have a book.
- 桌子上有水。 – There is water on the table.

In this sentence, you want to say the program has a lot of news (contains, features):

这个电视节目 … 有很多新闻。
→ This TV program has a lot of news.

So 有 is the correct verb.
If you used 是, you’d be trying to say “This TV program is a lot of news,” which doesn’t make sense in Chinese or English.

Why is 很多 used instead of just 多? What’s the difference?

多 by itself is an adjective/adverb meaning many/much / to be many:

人多。 – There are many people.
东西太多了。 – There are too many things.

很多 means “very many / a lot of.” It’s like very + many or a lot of:

很多人 – many people / a lot of people
很多新闻 – a lot of news

In 有很多新闻:

有多新闻 is not idiomatic.
You normally say 有很多 + noun to mean “have a lot of [noun].”

So 很多 here forms a natural quantity phrase: 很多新闻 = “a lot of news.”

What are the differences between 星期, 周, and 礼拜? Could I say 每个周 or 每个礼拜 instead?

All three relate to week, but their usage and feel differ slightly:

星期
- Very common, neutral, standard.
- Used everywhere in Mainland China, Taiwan, etc.
- 每个星期 – every week.
周
- A bit more concise, sometimes feels slightly more formal/compact (e.g. in writing, schedules).
- Often used in set phrases: 周末 (weekend), 每周 (every week).
- Normally you say 每周, not 每个周 in standard use.
- So: 这个电视节目每周都有很多新闻。 is fine.
礼拜
- More colloquial/regional; widely used in some areas and in everyday speech.
- 每个礼拜 is natural in speech.
- Example: 我每个礼拜去一次。 – I go once every week.

So acceptable variations include:

这个电视节目每个星期都有很多新闻。 (original)
这个电视节目每周都有很多新闻。
这个电视节目每个礼拜都有很多新闻。

All mean essentially the same thing.

Can 每个星期 appear in a different place in the sentence, like at the beginning or the end?

Yes, time expressions in Chinese have some flexibility, but there is a most natural/default place.

Most natural/basic:
- 这个电视节目每个星期都有很多新闻。
- Subject + Time + 都 + Verb + Object
Time at the very beginning (also common, puts extra focus on time):
- 每个星期，这个电视节目都有很多新闻。
- Sounds a bit more formal or emphatic, but still natural.
Time at the very end:
- 这个电视节目都有很多新闻，每个星期。
- This is unusual as a single sentence; it sounds like you’re adding 每个星期 as an afterthought, or clarifying.
- As the main, neutral structure, Chinese does not usually put routine time phrases like 每个星期 at the very end the way English does.

So for a simple, neutral sentence, keep 每个星期 after the subject, before 都 / 有.

How is tense expressed here? Does the sentence mean “has,” “had,” or “will have”?

Chinese verbs usually do not change form for tense. Instead, context or time words indicate when something happens.

In 这个电视节目每个星期都有很多新闻:

每个星期 (“every week”) describes a habitual, repeated action.
No past marker (了) or future marker (会) is used.

So by default, it’s understood like an English present simple:

“This TV program has a lot of news every week.”
Or: “This TV program features a lot of news every week.”

To talk about past or future, you’d add other words:

Past tendency (used to be like that):
- 以前，这个电视节目每个星期都有很多新闻。
  In the past, this TV program had a lot of news every week.
Future/expectation:
- 以后，这个电视节目每个星期都会有很多新闻。
  From now on, this program will have a lot of news every week.

Does 新闻 here mean “news program,” “news content,” or “news stories”? How should I understand it?

新闻 basically means news (as information/content). Depending on context, it can refer to:

news as a type of content (what you see/read/hear)
news stories / news items in general

In this sentence:

这个电视节目 – this TV program (could be a news program, or a program that includes news segments)
有很多新闻 – has a lot of news (a lot of news content / many news stories)

It does not usually mean “a news program” by itself. That would more likely be:

新闻节目 – a news program
新闻联播 – (name of the main news broadcast on CCTV)

So you can understand 很多新闻 here as “a lot of news content / many news stories.”