El meu pare vol el llibre, però jo el vull ara.

No. The two els have different jobs:

• el meu pare: here el is the definite article = the
• el llibre: again, el is the definite article
• jo el vull ara: here el is a direct object pronoun = it

So in the second clause, el replaces el llibre to avoid repeating the noun:

• El meu pare vol el llibre, però jo el vull ara.
• Literally: My father wants the book, but I want it now.

A useful rule: when el comes right before a verb, it is often the pronoun it / him rather than the article the.

In standard Catalan, possessives like meu / meva / teu / seva are usually used with the definite article:

• el meu pare = my father
• la meva mare = my mother
• els meus llibres = my books

This is different from English, where you normally say my father without the.

So Catalan often works like:

• el + possessive + noun

Examples:

• el meu amic = my friend
• la seva casa = his/her house

You may sometimes hear article-less possessives in certain fixed expressions or dialectal usage, but for a learner, el meu pare is the normal pattern.

That is true: Catalan often leaves out subject pronouns because the verb ending already shows who the subject is.

So you could say:

• El meu pare vol el llibre, però el vull ara.

and it would still be grammatical.

But jo is included here for emphasis or contrast:

• My father wants the book, but I want it now.

The sentence is contrasting el meu pare with jo, so keeping jo makes that contrast clearer and stronger.

Because the verb voler (to want) changes depending on the subject.

Here are the relevant forms:

• jo vull = I want
• ell/ella vol = he/she wants

So:

• El meu pare vol el llibre = My father wants the book
• jo el vull ara = I want it now

This is just normal verb conjugation. Pare is third person singular, so it takes vol. Jo is first person singular, so it takes vull.

Because object pronouns in normal Catalan word order usually go before the conjugated verb.

So:

• el vull = I want it
• not vull el in this meaning

This is similar to other Romance languages. Catalan object pronouns are often placed before the verb:

• el veig = I see him/it
• la tinc = I have it
• els compra = he buys them

In your sentence, el stands for el llibre, so:

• jo el vull ara = I want it now

By context.

The earlier noun is el llibre, which is masculine singular, so the matching direct object pronoun is el.

Because the sentence is about the book, el clearly means it here:

• el llibre → el

Catalan uses the same form el for masculine singular direct objects, whether the referent is a thing or a male person. So in another sentence, el could mean him. Here, the context tells you it means it.

Però means but.

It links the two clauses and shows contrast:

• El meu pare vol el llibre = one idea
• però jo el vull ara = a contrasting idea

So the whole sentence means something like:

• My father wants the book, but I want it now.

The accent in però is part of the normal spelling of the word.

Ara means now, and putting it at the end is a very natural position in Catalan.

• jo el vull ara = I want it now

The final position gives ara a bit of emphasis, especially in contrast with the father’s desire in general. It can sound like:

• ...but I want it now

Catalan word order is somewhat flexible, so you may also see:

• ara el vull
• jo ara el vull

But jo el vull ara is completely normal.

The sentence can be rearranged somewhat, but not every change sounds equally natural.

The original sentence is a very standard order:

• El meu pare vol el llibre, però jo el vull ara.

Possible variations include:

• El meu pare vol el llibre, però ara jo el vull.
• El meu pare vol el llibre, però jo ara el vull.
• El meu pare vol el llibre, però ara el vull jo.

These versions shift the emphasis slightly:

• jo can be emphasized
• ara can be emphasized
• the contrast can sound stronger or more dramatic

But the object pronoun usually still stays before the verb:

• el vull, not normally vull el for want it

Vull is the first-person singular form of voler.

The ll in Catalan is a normal spelling pattern. In many varieties of Catalan, ll is pronounced like a palatal sound similar to the lli sound in some pronunciations of million, though actual pronunciation can vary by dialect.

A rough learner-friendly pronunciation guide:

• vull sounds approximately like booly / buy depending on accent, but neither English spelling matches it perfectly

The important thing for beginners is:

• learn vull as the fixed I want form
• recognize that ll is common in Catalan words like llibre

With a direct object like the book, voler takes the noun directly, with no preposition:

• vol el llibre = wants the book

So this is correct:

• El meu pare vol el llibre

And when the noun is replaced by a pronoun, you get:

• jo el vull

This is different from some English structures where learners may be tempted to add an extra word, but in Catalan you simply use the verb plus its direct object.