أنتظر عند محطة القطار حتى يصل القطار.

أنتظر is the 1st person singular imperfect form of the verb انتظر, meaning to wait.

So أنتظر can mean:

• I wait
• I am waiting
• I will wait

Which English translation fits best depends on context. In this sentence, English often uses I wait or I am waiting, but the Arabic imperfect naturally covers both present and near-future meanings.

Because Arabic verbs already show the subject.

The beginning أ- in أنتظر tells you the subject is I. So أنا is usually unnecessary unless you want emphasis, contrast, or extra clarity.

• أنتظر = I wait / I am waiting
• أنا أنتظر = I am waiting with more emphasis on I

This omission of subject pronouns is very common in Arabic.

عند usually means at, by, or near, while في means in or inside.

So:

• عند محطة القطار = at the train station
• في محطة القطار = in the train station

In this sentence, عند fits the English idea of at the station. If you used في, it would suggest being physically inside the station building.

Both can be possible in real life, but they are not exactly the same.

Because this is an iḍāfa construction, often called a construct phrase.

محطة القطار literally means station of the train, and that is how Arabic expresses train station.

In an iḍāfa:

• the first noun usually does not take ال
• the second noun determines whether the whole phrase is definite or indefinite

So:

• محطة قطار = a train station / train station
• محطة القطار = the train station

Even though محطة has no ال, the whole phrase is definite because القطار is definite.

Yes, Arabic could say حتى يصل if the context already made it completely clear what is arriving. But repeating القطار is clearer and very natural.

So:

• حتى يصل القطار = until the train arrives
• حتى يصل = until it arrives

Arabic often repeats the noun where English might prefer a pronoun, especially when the repetition helps avoid ambiguity.

Here حتى means until.

It introduces the point where the waiting ends:

• أنتظر = I wait
• حتى يصل القطار = until the train arrives

So the full structure is:

• main action: waiting
• endpoint introduced by حتى: the train’s arrival

In MSA, حتى often introduces a following verb when you mean until something happens.

Yes, يصل is the imperfect form, here meaning arrives.

More specifically, after حتى in this kind of sentence, the verb is typically understood as subjunctive in fully vocalized Arabic.

The fully vocalized form would be:

• حتى يَصِلَ القطارُ

But in normal Arabic writing, short vowels are usually omitted, so you just see:

• حتى يصل القطار

So even though the spelling looks the same, the grammar is slightly more specific than the unvowelled text shows.

Because Arabic often uses verb–subject word order, especially in straightforward statements.

So:

• يصل القطار = literally arrives the train
• natural English = the train arrives

This verb-first order is very common in MSA. You can also find القطار يصل, but that usually gives a different emphasis and is less neutral here.

A fully vocalized version would be:

أَنْتَظِرُ عِنْدَ مَحَطَّةِ الْقِطَارِ حَتَّى يَصِلَ الْقِطَارُ.

This also helps show the grammar:

• أنتظرُ → final ـُ for the verb in normal indicative form
• عندَ → final ـَ
• محطةِ → genitive after the preposition عند
• القطارِ → also genitive because it is the second term of the iḍāfa
• يصلَ → subjunctive after حتى
• القطارُ → nominative because it is the subject of يصل

In everyday writing, most of these vowel marks are omitted.