يجب أن آخذ الدواء قبل العشاء، ويجب أن أنام مبكرا اليوم.

يجب means it is necessary / one must / should. In Arabic, it is very natural to repeat it in each clause:

يجب أن آخذ الدواء قبل العشاء، ويجب أن أنام مبكرا اليوم.

This makes both obligations explicit:

• it is necessary that I take the medicine before dinner
• and it is necessary that I sleep early today

Arabic often prefers this kind of repetition where English might sometimes avoid it.

After يجب, Arabic normally uses أن + present-tense verb to express what must happen.

So:

• يجب أن آخذ = I must take
• يجب أن أنام = I must sleep

A useful pattern is:

يجب أن + verb

Also, أن affects the following present verb grammatically: it puts it into the subjunctive form.

For example:

• آخذُ becomes آخذَ
• أنامُ becomes أنامَ

In normal unvowelled writing, you usually do not see that final vowel, but grammatically it is there.

Because Arabic verbs already include the subject.

• آخذ = I take
• أنام = I sleep

So Arabic does not need a separate pronoun like أنا unless you want emphasis.

Compare:

• آخذ الدواء = I take the medicine
• أنا آخذ الدواء = I am the one taking the medicine / I take the medicine

In this sentence, أنا is unnecessary because the verb already tells you the subject is I.

The beginning آ is an alif madda, which represents a long ā sound plus a glottal element. In this verb, the base form is:

• أخذ = to take

In the present tense for I take, it becomes:

• آخذ

So آخذ is the standard spelling for I take.

A rough pronunciation is:

• aa-khu-dhu in full classical pronunciation
• often closer to aakhudh in simplified learner pronunciation

Yes, that is completely normal.

Here you have:

• أن = the particle
• آخذ / أنام = the verb

So the sequence is just:

• أن + آخذ
• أن + أنام

Arabic allows this naturally. You should pronounce them as two separate words, not merge them into one word.

For learners, it may help to think of a small pause between them:

• an aakhudha
• an anaama

This is not strange or incorrect in Arabic.

الدواء means the medicine. The final ء is a hamza, and it is part of the word’s normal spelling.

The structure is:

• الـ = the
• دواء = medicine

So:

• الدواء = the medicine

The final hamza is written on the line here: ء. Arabic hamza spelling can be tricky, and learners usually just need to memorize common words like this one individually at first.

قبل means before.

In this sentence:

• قبل العشاء = before dinner

More literally, قبل is a noun used in an adverbial or prepositional-like way. In fully vocalized formal Arabic, you would often see:

• قبلَ العشاءِ

Here:

• قبلَ has a fatḥa
• العشاءِ has a kasra because it is in an iḍāfa construction after قبل

But in normal everyday writing, short vowels are usually omitted, so you simply see:

• قبل العشاء

It can mean either, depending on context.

• العشاء can mean dinner / supper
• it can also refer to the ʿIshāʾ prayer

In this sentence, because it is used with الدواء and before, the natural meaning is before dinner.

Context usually makes the meaning clear.

مبكرا means early, and here it functions as an adverb: sleep early.

In full vocalization, it is:

• مبكرًا

This ending is very common for adverbial expressions in Arabic. The final sound is -an, and in writing that often appears as:

• tanwīn fatḥ on the last consonant
• plus an extra written ا

So:

• مبكرًا = early

Without vowel marks, it is often written:

• مبكرا

This is very common in Arabic texts.

Arabic word order is flexible, and adverbs of time such as اليوم often come at the end.

So:

• يجب أن أنام مبكرا اليوم = I must sleep early today

This placement sounds natural in Arabic. You could also move اليوم earlier for emphasis, for example:

• يجب أن أنام اليوم مبكرا

But the original order is very normal and smooth.

Yes. Standard Arabic usually omits short vowels in normal writing, but they are still part of the grammar.

A fully vocalized version would be approximately:

يَجِبُ أَنْ آخُذَ الدَّوَاءَ قَبْلَ العَشَاءِ، وَيَجِبُ أَنْ أَنَامَ مُبَكِّرًا اليَوْمَ.

Some important hidden endings are:

• يجبُ
• آخذَ after أن
• الدواءَ as the object
• قبلَ
• العشاءِ after قبل in iḍāfa
• أنامَ after أن
• مبكرًا
• اليومَ as an adverb of time

Learners do not need to pronounce all of these in everyday reading right away, but it is useful to know they exist.

Yes. That is another very common way to express obligation.

For example:

• يجب عليّ أن آخذ الدواء قبل العشاء
• يجب عليّ أن أنام مبكرا اليوم

This literally means something like it is necessary upon me that..., but in natural English it still means I must / I have to.

So both are correct:

• يجب أن...
• يجب عليّ أن...

The version in your sentence is slightly more direct and concise.

A careful MSA pronunciation would be roughly:

yajibu an aakhudha ad-dawaa'a qabl al-ʿashaa'i, wa-yajibu an anaama mubakkiran al-yawma

A more learner-friendly approximation might be:

ya-ji-bu an aa-khu-tha ad-da-waa-a qab-lal-a-shaa-i, wa ya-ji-bu an a-naa-ma mu-bak-ki-ran al-yaw-ma

A few pronunciation notes:

• ج in MSA is often taught as j
• خ is a throaty kh
• ع in العشاء is a deep throat sound with no exact English equivalent
• ء is a glottal stop
• الدواء has a final hamza, so do not completely swallow the ending

و simply means and.

So:

• ويجب أن أنام مبكرا اليوم = and I must sleep early today

Arabic uses و very frequently to connect clauses, and it is attached directly to the following word in writing.

So:

• و + يجب = ويجب

That attached spelling is completely normal.