يذهب صديقي تجاه الشاطئ.

يذهب is the imperfect (non-past) form of the verb ذهب. In English, that can correspond to he goes, he is going, or sometimes he will go, depending on context.

In this sentence, يذهب is third-person masculine singular, so it matches صديقي.

Starting with the verb is very normal in Modern Standard Arabic. This is called verb-subject-object order, or VSO.

So:

يذهب صديقي تجاه الشاطئ
= My friend goes toward the beach

You can also say:

صديقي يذهب تجاه الشاطئ

That version is also correct, but it gives slightly more emphasis to my friend as the topic.

The -ي is the suffix meaning my.

So:

• صديق = friend
• صديقي = my friend

This is a very common way Arabic shows possession. Instead of using a separate word for my, Arabic usually attaches a suffix directly to the noun.

Because once a noun has a possessive suffix like -ي (my), it is already definite. In other words, my friend is already a specific person, so Arabic does not add الـ.

So:

• صديق = a friend
• الصديق = the friend
• صديقي = my friend

Also, nouns with a possessive suffix do not take tanwīn either.

Yes, صديق is grammatically masculine, so صديقي normally means my male friend.

If you want to say my female friend, you would say:

صديقتي

Then the sentence would become:

تذهب صديقتي تجاه الشاطئ
= My female friend goes/is going toward the beach

Notice that the verb also changes to the feminine form: تذهب.

تجاه means toward, in the direction of, or facing toward.

It is close to إلى, but not exactly the same:

• إلى usually means to or toward a destination
• تجاه emphasizes direction

So يذهب صديقي تجاه الشاطئ suggests that your friend is moving in the direction of the beach. It does not focus as strongly on actually arriving there.

In MSA, تجاه is fairly common and a bit more formal in tone than some other options.

No. تجاه already carries the meaning toward, so you do not add إلى after it.

Correct: تجاه الشاطئ

Not natural here: تجاه إلى الشاطئ

Think of تجاه as already doing the job of toward by itself.

Because ش is a sun letter. When الـ comes before a sun letter, the ل sound is not pronounced, and the following consonant is doubled in pronunciation.

So:

• Written: الشاطئ
• Pronounced: ash-shāṭiʾ

Also, the final ء is a hamza, so the word ends with a glottal stop sound.

After تجاه, الشاطئ is treated as genitive in standard grammar.

In a fully vocalized form, you could write the sentence as:

يَذْهَبُ صَدِيقِي تِجَاهَ الشَّاطِئِ

The final kasra on الشاطئِ shows the genitive case.

In normal Arabic writing, these short vowels are usually omitted, so learners often do not see them in everyday text.

Yes. Arabic يذهب does not force the same distinction English does between goes and is going.

Depending on context, this sentence can mean:

• My friend goes toward the beach
• My friend is going toward the beach

If the context is habitual, it may sound like goes.
If the context is happening now, it may sound like is going.

A common pronunciation guide would be:

yadhhabu ṣadīqī tijāha ash-shāṭiʾ

If you pronounce the full case ending at the end, it can be:

yadhhabu ṣadīqī tijāha ash-shāṭiʾi

In normal pause, Arabic speakers often stop on the last word without the final short vowel, so ash-shāṭiʾ is very common in actual reading aloud.