يهرب صديقي من المتاهة.

Because this sentence uses a very common Arabic pattern: verb + subject + rest of the sentence.

So:

• يهرب = escapes / is escaping
• صديقي = my friend
• من المتاهة = from the maze

Arabic often prefers VSO order (verb–subject–object/complement) in formal language, especially in Modern Standard Arabic.

You could also say:

• صديقي يهرب من المتاهة

That is also correct, but it shifts the feel slightly toward My friend is escaping..., with more focus on my friend.

يهرب is a present-tense / imperfect verb in the 3rd person masculine singular.

It means:

• he escapes
• he is escaping
• sometimes even he does escape, depending on context

The dictionary form is usually:

• هَرَبَ = to escape / flee

Its present form here is:

• يَهْرُبُ = he escapes / is escaping

In normal fully-vowelled MSA, it would be written:

• يَهْرُبُ صَدِيقِي مِنَ الْمُتَاهَةِ

But short vowels are usually omitted in everyday writing.

Because صديقي means my friend, and in this sentence it is being treated as masculine.

Arabic verbs must agree with the subject in gender, and often in number too.

So if the friend were female, you would say:

• تهرب صديقتي من المتاهة
  = My female friend escapes / is escaping from the maze

Here:

• يـ at the start of the verb often marks he
• تـ would mark she in this kind of sentence

صديقي means my friend because the ending ـي means my.

Breakdown:

• صديق = friend
• صديقي = my friend

When a noun takes a possessive ending like ـي (my), it usually does not take الـ.

So:

• الصديق = the friend
• صديقي = my friend

You do not normally combine them as الصديقي to mean my friend.

This is because possession already makes the noun definite.

The -ī sound comes from the attached pronoun ـي, which means my.

So:

• صديق = friend
• صديقي = my friend

This is one of the most common possessive patterns in Arabic. Compare:

• كتابي = my book
• بيتي = my house
• اسمي = my name

In pronunciation, صديقي is roughly ṣadīqī.

من is a preposition meaning from.

So:

• من المتاهة = from the maze

It shows the starting point or source of movement.

Some other examples:

• خرج من البيت = He left the house
• عاد من المدرسة = He returned from school

After من, the following noun is in the genitive case in full grammar.

الـ is the Arabic definite article, meaning the.

So:

• متاهة = a maze
• المتاهة = the maze

In this sentence, المتاهة is definite because it refers to the maze rather than just a maze.

Since it comes after the preposition من, the fully vowelled form would usually be:

• مِنَ الْمُتَاهَةِ

The final -i sound is the genitive case ending, though it is usually not written in normal text.

المتاهة is pronounced roughly al-mutāha in pause.

A few useful points:

• الـ = al-
• مُ = mu
• تا = tā
• هة ends with the taa marbuuTa (ة)

The letter ة is usually pronounced like -a or -ah when you stop at the word:

• المتاهة → al-mutāhah / al-mutāha

But in connected grammatical pronunciation, especially with case endings, it can sound more like -ti:

• المتاهةِ = al-mutāhati

That happens because the ة behaves like a t sound when endings are added.

In fully vowelled MSA, the sentence would normally be:

• يَهْرُبُ صَدِيقِي مِنَ الْمُتَاهَةِ

Here is the grammar:

• يَهْرُبُ → verb, with final -u
• صَدِيقِي → subject (my friend); with ـي attached, the usual visible nominative ending is not shown in the same way
• مِنَ الْمُتَاهَةِ → after من, the noun is genitive, so المتاهةِ

A beginner-friendly point: in real-world Arabic writing, these short vowels are usually omitted, so you normally see:

• يهرب صديقي من المتاهة

without the extra marks.

Yes. The Arabic present tense often covers both ideas.

So يهرب صديقي من المتاهة can mean:

• My friend escapes from the maze
• My friend is escaping from the maze

The exact English translation depends on context.

Arabic does not always separate simple present and present progressive the way English does.

If you want to make the action clearly ongoing in some contexts, Arabic may use extra wording, but the plain present form often does the job.

Yes, absolutely.

Both are correct:

• يهرب صديقي من المتاهة
• صديقي يهرب من المتاهة

The difference is mainly one of word order and emphasis.

• يهرب صديقي... is a classic formal Arabic verb-first structure.
• صديقي يهرب... puts more attention on my friend.

This kind of variation is very normal in Arabic.

This sentence has a singular subject, so the singular verb is exactly what you expect.

But your question points to an important Arabic rule:

When the subject comes after the verb in MSA, the verb is often singular, even if the subject is plural.

For example:

• يهرب الأصدقاء = The friends escape / are escaping

Even though الأصدقاء is plural, the verb can stay singular in verb-first order.

But in subject-first order, full agreement is more typical:

• الأصدقاء يهربون

So this sentence is a good early example of how Arabic agreement works.

No, but it is one of the most common and standard words.

Here you have:

• صديق = male friend
• صديقة = female friend

In MSA, صديق is a very normal choice. In everyday spoken Arabic, people may also use other words depending on the dialect, but صديق is widely understood and standard.

In this sentence:

• صديقي specifically means my male friend or my friend when the friend is masculine.