يتنزه صديقي قرب البحيرة خلال الصباح.

Because this is a verbal sentence in Arabic. A very common pattern in MSA is:

verb + subject + the rest

So:

يتنزه صديقي = My friend takes a walk / is strolling

Arabic can also use a noun-first order:

صديقي يتنزه قرب البحيرة خلال الصباح

That is also correct. Starting with the verb is just a very normal, natural Arabic structure.

يتنزه is the imperfect (non-past) form of the verb تَنَزَّهَ.

It means something like:

• he strolls
• he goes for a walk
• he takes a walk
• sometimes he enjoys a walk / relaxes outdoors

So in this sentence, it describes your friend walking or strolling near the lake.

Grammatically, يتنزه is:

• 3rd person
• masculine
• singular

So it matches صديقي = my friend.

It can mean either, depending on context.

The Arabic imperfect often covers several English ideas, such as:

• he takes a walk
• he is taking a walk
• he walks

So this sentence could describe:

• a current action, or
• a habitual action

If you wanted to make the meaning more clearly habitual, context would usually do that. If you wanted to make it clearly happening right now, context or extra words would help.

Because Arabic verbs already show the subject information.

In يتنزه, the prefix يـ tells you the verb is 3rd person masculine singular. So Arabic does not need a separate standalone pronoun like he here.

English: He is walking Arabic: يتنزه

Then Arabic can add the explicit subject noun:

يتنزه صديقي = My friend is walking

So the verb already carries subject information, and صديقي tells you exactly who that subject is.

The ending ـي means my.

So:

• صديق = friend
• صديقي = my friend

This is a possessive ending attached directly to the noun.

A native English speaker often expects something like my + friend as two separate words, but Arabic often expresses possession by attaching a suffix:

• كتابي = my book
• بيتي = my house
• صديقي = my friend

Because it already has a possessive ending: my friend.

In Arabic, when a noun is possessed, it normally does not take الـ. So you say:

• صديقي = my friend
• not الصديقي

This is part of the Arabic possession structure. Once the noun is made definite by possession, الـ is not used on that noun.

قرب here means near or close to.

In this sentence, it functions like a word of place, giving location:

قرب البحيرة = near the lake

So:

• يتنزه صديقي = My friend strolls
• قرب البحيرة = near the lake

Together: My friend strolls near the lake.

البحيرة means the lake.

It has الـ because it is definite: the lake, not just a lake.

After قرب, the following noun is typically in the genitive. So in full vowelled Arabic, it would be:

البحيرةِ

You do not see the case ending in normal unvowelled writing, but that is the grammar behind it.

So the fully grammatical phrase is:

قربَ البحيرةِ

Yes. Both are natural.

• قرب البحيرة = near the lake
• بالقرب من البحيرة = near the lake / in the vicinity of the lake

The second version is a little more expanded and explicit. Learners often find بالقرب من easier because it works more like a familiar prepositional phrase.

So these are both fine:

• يتنزه صديقي قرب البحيرة
• يتنزه صديقي بالقرب من البحيرة

خلال means during or throughout, and الصباح means the morning.

So:

خلال الصباح = during the morning

This gives a time expression.

The sentence is saying that the action happens during that morning period.

Both can refer to the morning, but they are not exactly the same.

• في الصباح = in the morning
• خلال الصباح = during the morning

في الصباح is often more general and very common. خلال الصباح emphasizes the time span a bit more, like during the course of the morning.

So:

• يتنزه صديقي في الصباح = My friend strolls in the morning
• يتنزه صديقي خلال الصباح = My friend strolls during the morning

Yes, absolutely.

That would be a nominal sentence structure with the subject first:

صديقي يتنزه قرب البحيرة خلال الصباح

This can sound slightly more topic-focused, like As for my friend, he strolls near the lake during the morning.

In this particular sentence, since the subject is singular, the verb form stays the same: يتنزه

So both are correct:

• يتنزه صديقي قرب البحيرة خلال الصباح
• صديقي يتنزه قرب البحيرة خلال الصباح

A fully vowelled version is:

يَتَنَزَّهُ صَدِيقِي قُرْبَ الْبُحَيْرَةِ خِلَالَ الصَّبَاحِ

A rough pronunciation guide is:

yatanazzahu ṣadīqī qurba al-buḥayrati khilāla aṣ-ṣabāḥi

A few notes:

• يتنزه has a doubled sound in the middle because of the shadda on ز
• الصباح is pronounced with assimilation of ال to ص, so it sounds like aṣ-ṣabāḥ
• البحيرة keeps the l sound of ال, because ب is a moon letter