صديقي يكره هذا الفيلم.

Because صديق means friend, and the suffix ـي attached to the end means my.

So:

• صديق = friend
• صديقي = my friend

This attached pronoun is very common in Arabic. You do not need a separate word for my.

In Arabic, a noun with a possessive suffix is already definite.

So:

• صديق = a friend / friend
• الصديق = the friend
• صديقي = my friend

Because my friend is already specific, Arabic does not add ال before it.

يكره means he hates.

It is the 3rd person masculine singular form of the verb كره (to hate) in the non-past/imperfect form.

So:

• أنا أكره = I hate
• أنتَ تكره = you hate
• هو يكره = he hates

Since صديقي is masculine singular, يكره matches it.

Arabic can often use either:

• صديقي يكره هذا الفيلم = My friend hates this film
• يكره صديقي هذا الفيلم = literally Hates my friend this film

The first one is a subject-first sentence, which is very common and often feels straightforward to English speakers.

Starting with صديقي puts emphasis on my friend as the topic.

In Arabic, demonstratives like هذا (this) usually come before the noun:

• هذا الفيلم = this film
• هذا الكتاب = this book

That is different from adjectives, which usually come after the noun in Arabic.

So هذا is not an adjective in the same way as English this; it is a demonstrative placed before the noun.

Because when a demonstrative refers to a specific noun in standard Arabic, that noun is usually definite:

• هذا الفيلم = this film
• هذه السيارة = this car

Using ال on الفيلم is the normal pattern here.

So the structure is:

• هذا = this
• الفيلم = the film

Together: this film

Because الفيلم is a masculine noun in Arabic.

In MSA:

• هذا = this (masculine)
• هذه = this (feminine)

Since فيلم is masculine, you say:

• هذا الفيلم

If the noun were feminine, you would use هذه instead.

It is a borrowed word, based on film, but it is fully used in Arabic.

So:

• فيلم = film / movie
• الفيلم = the film / the movie

In everyday use, many speakers also say movie-type words differently depending on dialect, but فيلم is standard and very common.

A careful approximate pronunciation is:

ṣadīqī yakrahu hādhā al-film

A few helpful notes:

• ص is a heavy/emphatic s
• د is like d
• ق is a deep q sound, not English k
• خ in other words would be a throaty sound, but this sentence does not contain it
• ذ in هذا sounds like th in this
• يكره is approximately yak-ra-hu
• الفيلم is often pronounced close to al-film

If you are reading fully vocalized MSA, the sentence would be: صديقي يكره هذا الفيلمَ or in pause simply صديقي يكره هذا الفيلم.

Arabic does not need an extra helping verb here.

English says:

• My friend hates this film

Arabic simply uses the main verb:

• صديقي يكره هذا الفيلم

There is no separate word for does in this kind of normal positive statement.

Also, Arabic present/imperfect forms often cover both simple present and near-present meaning, depending on context.

Usually يكره is best translated here as hates.

In MSA, the imperfect/non-past form can cover present or future depending on context, but with a verb like to hate, the natural English translation is normally the simple present:

• صديقي يكره هذا الفيلم = My friend hates this film

English usually does not say is hating in a normal sentence like this.

In ordinary unvowelled Arabic writing, short case endings are usually not written.

A fully vocalized version could be something like:

• صديقي يكره هذا الفيلمَ

Here:

• صديقي is the subject
• يكره is the verb
• هذا الفيلمَ is the object phrase, so الفيلمَ would take the accusative ending ـَ in full formal Arabic

But in normal writing, you usually just see:

• صديقي يكره هذا الفيلم

without the endings.

Because هذا already means this, and Arabic does not say something equivalent to the this film.

Instead, Arabic uses:

• هذا الفيلم

Literally the structure is this + the-film, but in natural English it becomes simply this film.

So the definiteness is expressed through the combination of the demonstrative and the definite noun.

Yes. In many contexts, فيلم can mean either film or movie.

So this sentence could be translated as:

• My friend hates this film
• My friend hates this movie

The best choice depends on the style of English you want.