هذا عقد إيجار.

A careful MSA pronunciation is hādhā ʿaqdu ʾījārin.

In normal pause, many speakers/readers will say something closer to hādhā ʿaqd ijār and not fully pronounce the case endings.

A few sound notes:

• هذا = hādhā
• ع in عقد is the letter ʿayn, a throat sound with no exact English equivalent
• إ in إيجار begins with a hamza, a small glottal stop: ʾījār
• dh in hādhā sounds like the th in this, not like the th in thin

Because Arabic often leaves out the present-tense verb to be in simple statements.

So هذا عقد إيجار literally looks like this lease-contract, but it naturally means This is a lease contract.

This kind of sentence is called a nominal sentence in Arabic. In the present tense:

• هذا بيت = This is a house
• هو مدرس = He is a teacher

If you wanted was, will be, and so on, Arabic would usually use an actual verb such as كان.

هذا is a demonstrative pronoun meaning this.

Here it functions as the first part of the sentence, and the phrase عقد إيجار is the information being given about it.

So the structure is basically:

• هذا = this
• عقد إيجار = a lease contract

In grammar terms, هذا is the topic/subject part, and عقد إيجار is the predicate part.

Because عقد is a masculine singular noun.

In MSA:

• هذا is used with masculine singular nouns
• هذه is used with feminine singular nouns

So:

• هذا عقد = This is a contract
• هذه سيارة = This is a car

Even though English does not mark gender on this, Arabic does.

This is a very common Arabic structure called iḍāfa.

عقد إيجار literally means something like contract of lease/renting, and in natural English that becomes lease contract or rental contract.

In an iḍāfa:

• the first noun is the main thing: عقد = contract
• the second noun specifies it: إيجار = lease / renting

So عقد إيجار is a noun phrase, not two separate unrelated nouns.

Because it is the first noun in an iḍāfa construction.

The first noun in an iḍāfa:

• does not take ال
• does not take tanwīn

So you get:

• عقد إيجار = a lease contract not
• عقدٌ إيجارٌ

That would be incorrect for this structure.

Also, the whole phrase is indefinite here because إيجار is indefinite. That matches the English idea a lease contract.

In fully vocalized MSA, it would be:

هذا عقدُ إيجارٍ

Why?

• عقدُ has -u because it is the predicate of the sentence, so it is in the nominative
• إيجارٍ has -in because it is the second noun in an iḍāfa, so it is in the genitive

A learner should also know that in everyday speech, and often in less formal reading, these final short vowels are often not pronounced.

Yes. You could make the second noun definite:

هذا عقدُ الإيجارِ

That means This is the lease contract or This is the rental agreement, referring to a specific known one.

In iḍāfa, definiteness is often controlled by the second noun:

• عقد إيجار = a lease contract
• عقد الإيجار = the lease contract

Yes. Here إيجار functions as a noun meaning lease, rental, or renting.

In this sentence it names the type of contract. So عقد إيجار is not just any contract; it is specifically a contract connected with renting or leasing.

This is very common in Arabic: one noun can classify another noun directly through iḍāfa.