معي كتاب صغير.

In Arabic, including Levantine, possession is often expressed without a verb like English have.

• معي literally means with me
• So معي كتاب صغير is literally something like With me [is] a small book
• Natural English translation: I have a small book

This is a very common pattern in spoken Arabic.

معي means with me.

It is made of:

• مع = with
• ـي = me / my as an attached pronoun

So:

• معي = with me
• معك = with you
• معه = with him
• معها = with her

In everyday Levantine, معي is often used to mean I have when talking about something physically with you or available to you.

A common pronunciation is maʿi.

A few notes:

• ma like ma in mama
• ʿ represents the Arabic letter ع, a sound English does not really have
• i like ee in see, but shorter

So it sounds roughly like:

ma-ʿi

If the ع is hard at first, that is normal. Many learners need time with it.

It is built into معي.

Arabic often does not need a separate subject pronoun when the meaning is already clear. Here, ـي already means me, so the idea of I have is understood from with me.

So you do not need to say أنا معي كتاب صغير in normal speech.
Usually just معي كتاب صغير is enough.

Because the sentence starts with the possession phrase معي = with me / I have, and then names the thing possessed:

• معي = I have / with me
• كتاب = a book
• صغير = small

So the structure is:

with me + thing + description

This is a very natural Arabic way to express possession.

In Arabic, adjectives usually come after the noun they describe.

So:

• كتاب صغير = a small book
• literally: book small

This is the normal word order in Arabic.

Compare:

• English: a small book
• Arabic: كتاب صغير

Because the adjective must agree with the noun it describes.

كتاب is:

• masculine
• singular
• indefinite

So the adjective must also be:

• masculine
• singular
• indefinite

That is why we get:

• كتاب صغير

If the noun changed, the adjective would change too. For example:

• سيارة صغيرة = a small car
  because سيارة is feminine, so small becomes صغيرة

Arabic has no separate word for the indefinite article a / an.

So:

• كتاب can mean a book
• كتاب صغير can mean a small book

Indefiniteness is understood from the lack of الـ (the).

So:

• كتاب صغير = a small book
• الكتاب الصغير = the small book

You would say:

معي الكتاب الصغير

Notice that both the noun and the adjective take الـ:

• الكتاب = the book
• الصغير = the small

In Arabic, when a noun is definite, its adjective is also definite.

So:

• كتاب صغير = a small book
• الكتاب الصغير = the small book

Yes, absolutely. عندي كتاب صغير is also very common in Levantine.

The difference is often roughly this:

• معي كتاب صغير = I have a small book with me / on me
• عندي كتاب صغير = I have a small book / I own one / it is at my place or in my possession

In real speech, the difference is not always strict, but:

• معي often suggests the thing is with you right now
• عندي is broader and very common for simple possession

So if you are physically carrying the book, معي is especially natural.

It works in both, but it is also very natural in Levantine.

In Levantine speech, معي is common and useful. The sentence sounds simple and everyday:

معي كتاب صغير

In very formal Modern Standard Arabic, you may also see full case endings in writing or careful speech, but in normal spoken Levantine you do not pronounce those endings.

The adjective would change to match the feminine noun.

For example:

• معي سيارة صغيرة = I have a small car

Here:

• سيارة is feminine
• so small becomes صغيرة

That feminine ـة / -a ending is very common with feminine adjectives and nouns.

Yes, but معي كتاب صغير is the most neutral and natural order.

In spoken Arabic, word order can shift for emphasis, but for a learner this is the safest pattern:

معي + noun + adjective

For example:

• معي كتاب صغير

If you change the order, it may sound more marked or context-dependent. So it is best to learn this version first.