الفوطة الصغيرة عند الشباك، والفوطة الكبيرة في الحمام.

In Arabic, the verb to be is usually omitted in the present tense.

So:

• الفوطة الصغيرة عند الشباك literally looks like the towel small by the window
• but it means The small towel is by the window

And:

• الفوطة الكبيرة في الحمام literally looks like the towel big in the bathroom
• but it means The big towel is in the bathroom

If you wanted was or will be, Arabic would normally use an actual verb.

In Arabic, adjectives normally come after the noun they describe.

So:

• الفوطة الصغيرة = the small towel
• الفوطة الكبيرة = the big towel

This is the normal order in Arabic:

• noun + adjective

not:

• adjective + noun

That is why you do not say something shaped like the small towel in English order.

Because in Arabic, when a noun is definite (the towel), its adjective must also be definite.

So:

• الفوطة الصغيرة = the small towel
• الفوطة الكبيرة = the big towel

This is called agreement in definiteness.

Compare:

• فوطة صغيرة = a small towel
• الفوطة الصغيرة = the small towel

So the adjective copies the noun in definiteness.

Because فوطة is a feminine noun, and adjectives must agree with the noun in gender.

So:

• فوطة is feminine
• therefore the adjectives are feminine too:
  • صغيرة = small
  • كبيرة = big

If the noun were masculine, you would usually see:

• صغير
• كبير

So here the pattern is:

• الفوطة الصغيرة
• الفوطة الكبيرة

with feminine adjective forms.

They both relate to location, but they are not the same.

• عند الشباك means by / near / at the window
• في الحمام means in the bathroom

So:

• عند often gives the sense of at, by, or near
• في usually means in

That is why the sentence uses:

• عند الشباك for something located next to the window
• في الحمام for something located inside the bathroom

Because و (and) is normally written as a prefix in Arabic.

So:

• والفوطة الكبيرة = and the big towel

It is not written separately the way and is in English.

This is very common in Arabic writing:

• و
  • word

In speech too, it is read smoothly together.

A natural Egyptian-style pronunciation would be roughly:

• il-fuuta iS-Sughayyara ʿand ish-shubbāk, wil-fuuta il-kibiira fil-ḥammām

A few useful notes:

• الـ is often pronounced il- or el- in Egyptian
• before some letters, the l sound of الـ changes to match the next consonant
  For example:
  • الصغيرة is pronounced something like iS-Sughayyara
  • الشباك is pronounced something like ish-shubbāk
• و + الـ often sounds like wil- or wel-
• في الحمام is often pronounced smoothly as fil-ḥammām

You do not need perfect pronunciation right away, but it helps to know that the spelling and sound are not always identical.

In Egyptian Arabic, الشباك commonly means the window.

This is a very common everyday word in Egypt.

A learner may already know نافذة as window, but:

• نافذة is more formal / Standard Arabic
• شباك is very common in Egyptian speech

So in this sentence, عند الشباك is the natural Egyptian-style way to say by the window.

Yes. Each one is a full noun phrase:

• الفوطة الصغيرة = the small towel
• الفوطة الكبيرة = the big towel

Then each noun phrase is followed by a location:

• عند الشباك
• في الحمام

So the sentence is basically built like this:

• [the small towel] [by the window]
• and [the big towel] [in the bathroom]

That is a very common Arabic sentence pattern.

Yes, sometimes Arabic can avoid repetition if the meaning is obvious, but repeating it is completely natural and clear.

This sentence says:

• الفوطة الصغيرة عند الشباك، والفوطة الكبيرة في الحمام

The repetition helps contrast the two towels clearly:

• the small towel
• the big towel

So even though Arabic sometimes allows more compact wording, this version is very natural and easy to understand.

It is very understandable and natural-looking for Egyptian Arabic, especially because of words like:

• فوطة = towel
• شباك = window

Those are very common in Egyptian speech.

At the same time, the sentence is written in normal Arabic script without strong dialect spelling, so it also looks fairly neutral on the page.

A spoken Egyptian version might sound more like:

• il-fuuta iS-Sughayyara ʿand ish-shubbāk, wil-fuuta il-kibiira fil-ḥammām

So the vocabulary feels Egyptian, while the writing remains straightforward and standard-looking.