فيه كباية ميه باردة على الترابيزة.

Here فيه means there is / there are.

So فيه كباية ميه... is the Egyptian Arabic way of introducing the existence of something: there is a glass of water...

A useful pattern is:

فيه + noun = there is / there are + noun

This is especially common with an indefinite noun, like كباية here.

في usually means in or at.

فيه can have a few uses depending on context, but at the start of a sentence like this, it very often means there is / there are.

So:

• في البيت = in the house
• فيه بيت = there is a house

Learners often confuse these because they look very similar in writing.

Because Arabic often expresses X of Y by simply placing two nouns together.

So:

• كباية ميه = a glass of water
• literally something like glass water

This is very normal in Arabic with containers, measures, and quantities.

Other common examples:

• فنجان قهوة = a cup of coffee
• إزازة ميه = a bottle of water

So you should not expect a separate word matching English of here.

Because the feminine ending ـة often changes its pronunciation depending on what comes after it.

When the word is said by itself, كباية is often pronounced roughly like kobbāya.

But when it is directly followed by another noun in a phrase like كباية ميه, many speakers pronounce it more like kobbāyet mayya.

So the ending can sound like -a when the word stands alone, but -et / -t when it is connected closely to the next word.

That is very common in Egyptian Arabic.

Because Arabic adjectives must agree with the noun they describe.

باردة is the feminine singular form of cold.
بارد is the masculine singular form.

In this sentence, the adjective is understood with a feminine noun, so باردة is the correct form.

In normal meaning, it is understood as describing ميه:
cold water

Grammatically, though, the form باردة could match either noun here, because both كباية and ميه are feminine singular.

So the sentence structure itself does not completely force one reading, but real-world meaning does. People normally understand it as a glass of cold water, not a cold glass.

Because that is the normal word order in Arabic.

Adjectives usually come after the noun they describe:

• ميه باردة = cold water
• بيت كبير = a big house
• بنت صغيرة = a small girl

Also, the adjective agrees with the noun in:

• gender
• number
• definiteness

So because ميه is indefinite here, باردة is indefinite too.

Because it refers to a specific table: on the table.

If you wanted to say on a table, you would normally say:

على ترابيزة

without الـ.

So the presence of الـ tells you the noun is definite.

Also, ترابيزة is a very common Egyptian word for table.

Yes.

ميه (also often written مية) is the common Egyptian Arabic word for water in everyday speech.

ماء is the Standard Arabic or more formal word.

So in casual Egyptian conversation, ميه / مية is what you will usually hear.

Yes, Arabic word order is fairly flexible.

The original sentence:

فيه كباية ميه باردة على الترابيزة

is a very natural, neutral way to say it.

But you could also say:

على الترابيزة فيه كباية ميه باردة

if you want to emphasize the location first: On the table, there is a glass of cold water.

So the meaning stays basically the same, but the emphasis changes.

A useful rough pronunciation is:

fīh kobbāyet mayya bārda ʿala t-tarabeeza

A few notes:

• فيه ≈ fīh
• كباية ميه often sounds like kobbāyet mayya
• الترابيزة is often heard as t-tarabeeza because the الـ blends into the ت

This is only an approximate learner-friendly pronunciation, but it is close enough to be helpful.