Learn Hardcore Afrikaans: Haar rooi fiets staan veilig by die brug naby die kruising. - Her red bicycle stands safely by the bridge near the intersection.

Haar is the third-person singular possessive pronoun meaning her. It functions as a determiner before fiets, indicating ownership without an apostrophe or extra particle as in English.

Why is the verb spelled staan and not staat?

Afrikaans verbs do not add a -t in the present tense for third-person singular. All persons use the bare stem: ek staan, jy staan, hy staan, etc., unlike Dutch.

Why use staan instead of is to describe where the bicycle is?

Afrikaans often uses specific verbs of posture or position—staan for upright objects, le for lying objects, sit for sitting objects—rather than the copula is. Here, the bicycle is upright, so staan is more natural.

Is veilig acting as an adjective or an adverb here, and why is it placed after the verb?

Veilig modifies the action staan, so it functions as an adverb meaning safely. In Afrikaans, many adverbs share the same form as adjectives and typically follow the verb they modify.

Why doesn’t rooi take an -e ending even though it comes before a definite noun?

Definite nouns normally trigger an -e ending on preceding adjectives, but adjectives ending in a vowel or diphthong (like rooi, blou, soet) remain unchanged.

What’s the difference between using an attributive adjective (haar rooi fiets) and a predicative adjective (haar fiets is rooi)?

An attributive adjective precedes the noun (rooi fiets) and directly describes it. A predicative adjective follows a copula (is rooi) and predicates something about the noun. Both are correct, but the attributive form is more concise when you simply want to describe the noun.

Why is die used before brug and kruising, and does Afrikaans have grammatical gender?

Afrikaans has no grammatical gender; die is the universal definite article for all nouns (similar to English the, which also doesn’t distinguish gender).

What is the difference between the prepositions by and naby?

By means at or next to a specific point. Naby means near, indicating general proximity rather than right at the spot.

How should I parse by die brug naby die kruising? Which phrase modifies which?

First, naby die kruising describes die brug (the bridge near the intersection). Then by die brug tells you where the bicycle stands. Structurally it’s [by die brug [naby die kruising]].

What does kruising translate to in English?

Kruising literally means crossing, but in the context of roads it’s best rendered as intersection or junction.