Ek slaap wanneer ek moeg is.

I sleep when I am tired.

Breakdown of Ek slaap wanneer ek moeg is.

• ek: I
• wees: to be
• slaap: to sleep
• moeg: tired
• wanneer: when

Questions & Answers about Ek slaap wanneer ek moeg is.

Why doesn’t slaap change form for different subjects (e.g. “I,” “you,” “he”)?

Afrikaans verbs do not conjugate for person or number. With the exception of wees (“to be”), every verb stays in its stem form, regardless of who is doing the action:

• ek slaap
• jy slaap
• hy slaap
• ons slaap

Why do we repeat ek in wanneer ek moeg is? Can we drop it?

Afrikaans requires an explicit subject in every clause. You cannot omit ek. Each clause—main or subordinate—must have its own subject pronoun:

• Main clause: Ek slaap
• Subordinate clause: wanneer ek moeg is

Why is is at the end of wanneer ek moeg is, but slaap appears second in the main clause?

Afrikaans uses different word-order rules for main and subordinate clauses:
• Main clause (V2 rule): the finite verb is in second position.
 Ek (subject) – slaap (verb) – wanneer ek moeg is (rest)
• Subordinate clause (verb-final): after a conjunction like wanneer, the finite verb goes to the end.
 wanneer (conj) – ek (subject) – moeg (complement) – is (verb)

Could we use as or toe instead of wanneer? What’s the difference?

They serve different time-clause functions:

• wanneer: “when” for general or repeated actions in present/future
• as: can mean “if” or “whenever” in conditional/habitual contexts
• toe: “when” for a single event in the past
  Examples:
• Ek slaap wanneer ek moeg is. (every time I’m tired)
• Ek slaap as ek moeg is. (colloquial or “if I’m tired”)
• Ek het geslaap toe ek moeg was. (on that one occasion)

What changes if I start with the subordinate clause, like Wanneer ek moeg is, slaap ek? Is that correct?

Yes. When you front the subordinate clause, the main clause still follows V2. You must put the verb immediately after the first element of the main clause:
 Wanneer ek moeg is, slaap ek.
You cannot say “… , ek slaap,” because the finite verb must come second.

How do I express “I am sleeping” in Afrikaans? Is Ek slaap always enough?

Afrikaans does not have a distinct present-continuous tense. Ek slaap can mean either “I sleep” or “I am sleeping,” depending on context. To emphasize the ongoing action, use:
 Ek is besig om te slaap (I am in the process of sleeping)