Breakdown of Das Budget und der Veranstaltungsort müssen vollständig freigegeben sein.
sein
to be
und
and
müssen
to have to, must
vollständig
completely (entirely, with nothing missing)
das Budget
the budget
freigeben
to approve (to release, clear)
der Veranstaltungsort
the venue
Questions & Answers about Das Budget und der Veranstaltungsort müssen vollständig freigegeben sein.
Why does this sentence end with freigegeben sein instead of freigegeben werden?
This is the state passive (Zustandspassiv), which focuses on the result or completed state of an action. Using sein means the budget and venue must already be in the state of "being approved." If it were freigegeben werden (action passive), it would mean the actual process of someone approving them must take place.
In the phrase müssen ... freigegeben sein, what dictates the order of the verbs at the end?
The modal verb müssen takes the standard second position in the sentence. This pushes the rest of the verb complex to the very end. For the state passive with a modal, the past participle (freigegeben) always directly precedes the infinitive sein at the end of the clause.
What kind of verb is freigegeben, and why is the -ge- in the middle?
The infinitive is freigeben (to approve, release, or unlock). It is a separable verb consisting of the prefix frei- and the core verb geben. To form the past participle of a separable verb, the -ge- is inserted between the prefix and the verb stem, creating freigegeben.
Why is there an "s" in the middle of Veranstaltungsort?
This is a connecting "s" (Fugen-s) used to glue compound nouns together. Here, it joins die Veranstaltung (the event) and der Ort (the location or venue). Nouns ending in -ung almost always take this connecting -s- when they form the first part of a compound word.
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