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### On the platform

**der Bahnsteig** is the platform itself. German says the train arrives **auf Gleis 3** (track 3) but you wait **auf dem Bahnsteig** — two-way preposition, dative because you are standing still.

> Wir warten **auf dem Bahnsteig**.

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### Paying less, and paying exactly

| | | |
|---|---|---|
| **die Ermäßigung** | the discount, the reduction | *Studenten bekommen eine **Ermäßigung**.* |
| **das Kleingeld** | the small change | *Ich habe kein **Kleingeld**.* |

**das Kleingeld** is a mass noun like *die Wäsche* — always singular, never counted. If you mean the money you get back after paying, that is *das Wechselgeld*.

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### Where to sleep cheaply

**die Jugendherberge** — literally *youth hostel* — is the standard cheap option across the German-speaking countries, and nobody checks whether you are young.

### die Linie and die Gegend

**die Linie** is the numbered route a bus or tram runs, not the physical rail: *Die **Linie** 8 fährt bis zum Bahnhof.* And **die Gegend** is an area in the loose sense — a part of town, a stretch of countryside — where *das Gebiet* would be a defined territory.

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Travel and getting around

adjective

adverb

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Definite articles and gender (der, die, das)

Indefinite articles (ein, eine)

Regular verbs and statement word order (ich -e, er -t)

The second person (du -st, Sie -en)

Yes/No questions

The verb 'to have' (habe, hast, hat)

Plural pronouns and regular verbs (wir, ihr, sie)

Plural 'to be' and 'to have' (sind, haben)

Plural nouns and the plural article (die)

Sentence negation (nicht)

Noun negation (kein, keine)

Question words (wer, was, wo, wie)

Numbers 0 to 12 (null, eins, zwei)

The accusative case (den, die, das)

Indefinite accusative articles (einen, keinen)

Direct object pronouns (mich, dich, ihn)

There is / there are (es gibt)

Vowel changes: e to i/ie (er spricht, sie liest)

Vowel changes: a to ä (er fährt)

Weather and conditions (es regnet)

First- and second-person possessives in the nominative (mein, dein, Ihr)

First- and second-person possessives in the accusative (meinen, deinen, Ihren)

Third-person and plural possessives (sein, ihr, unser, euer)

Possession with names (Annas Auto)

Demonstrative pronouns (dieser, diese, dieses)

Expressing preference (gern, lieber)

Asking about direction and origin (woher, wohin)

Expressing ability (können)

Polite requests (möchten)

Expressing intention (wollen)

Modal verbs of obligation and permission (müssen, dürfen)

Separable prefix verbs

Adverbs of frequency (immer, oft, manchmal, nie)

The Dative case and definite articles (dem, der, den)

Dative indefinite and negative articles (einem, einer, keinem)

Dative personal pronouns (mir, dir, ihm, ihr...)

Dative verbs (helfen, danken, gefallen, schmecken)

Dative prepositions (aus, bei, mit, nach...)

Accusative prepositions (für, ohne, gegen)

Two-way prepositions for location (in, an, auf...)

Informal singular imperative (mach, komm)

Plural and formal imperative (macht, machen Sie)

Coordinating conjunctions (und, oder, aber, denn)

Simple past of sein and haben (war, hatte)

The perfect tense: regular verbs (gemacht, gespielt)

Past tense: irregular verbs (ge-...-en)

The perfect tense: mixed verbs (gebracht, gekannt)

The perfect tense with sein (ist gegangen)

The perfect tense: separable verbs (eingekauft)

The perfect tense: inseparable and -ieren verbs (besucht, studiert)

Informal singular commands (mach, lern)

Numbers 13 to 20 (dreizehn to zwanzig)

Counting by tens to 100 (dreißig, vierzig)

Telling time (Uhr, halb, Viertel, vor, nach)

Numbers 21 to 99 (einundzwanzig, zweiunddreißig)

Greetings and farewells

Thank you, sorry and good wishes

Everyday replies

Numbers 100 to 1,000,000 (hundert, tausend...)

Becoming and getting (werden)

The impersonal pronoun (man)

Indefinite pronouns (jemand, niemand...)

Time sequence prepositions (vor, nach, bei)

Time span prepositions (von... bis, seit, für)

Adverbs of sequence (zuerst, dann, danach)

Two-way prepositions for direction (in, auf, an...)

Directional adverbs (hin, her)

Placement verbs (setzen, stellen, legen)

Months of the year (Januar, Februar)

The four seasons (Frühling, Sommer)

Time prepositions and indefinite pronouns (an, in, um)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 19th (am ersten)

Ordinals 20th and beyond (-ste, -sten)

Placement vs. location verbs (stellen vs. stehen)

Accusative reflexive pronouns (mich, dich, sich)

Accusative reflexive verbs (sich freuen)

Dative reflexive pronouns (mir, dir, sich)

Dative reflexive verbs (sich etwas merken)

Ordinal numbers 11th to 19th (-te)

Temporal prepositions (an, in, um)

Double objects with nouns

Double objects with pronouns

The modal verb for advice (sollen)

Simple past of modal verbs (musste, wollte...)

Simple past of common irregulars (wurde, wusste, es gab)

Adverbial connectors of consequence (deshalb, darum...)

Subordinate clauses for statements (dass)

Question	Answer
the platform	der Bahnsteig
We are waiting on the platform.	Wir warten auf dem Bahnsteig.
The train departs today from the platform next to track 4.	Der Zug fährt heute vom Bahnsteig neben Gleis 4 ab.
the youth hostel	die Jugendherberge
It is cheap in the youth hostel.	In der Jugendherberge ist es billig.
We slept in a youth hostel.	Wir haben in einer Jugendherberge geschlafen.
the petrol station	die Tankstelle
The petrol station only opens at six o'clock.	Die Tankstelle macht erst um sechs Uhr auf.
The petrol was expensive at the petrol station.	An der Tankstelle war das Benzin teuer.
the parking space, the car park	der Parkplatz
We are looking for a parking space.	Wir suchen einen Parkplatz.
The parking space in front of the hotel is free.	Der Parkplatz vor dem Hotel ist frei.
the discount, the reduction	die Ermäßigung
Students get a discount.	Studenten bekommen eine Ermäßigung.
With this card there is a discount on the ticket.	Mit dieser Karte gibt es eine Ermäßigung auf die Fahrkarte.
the small change	das Kleingeld
I have no small change for the machine.	Ich habe kein Kleingeld für die Maschine.
Do you have small change for the bus?	Hast du Kleingeld für den Bus?
the line, the route	die Linie
Line 8 runs as far as the station.	Die Linie 8 fährt bis zum Bahnhof.
Which line stops here?	Welche Linie hält hier?
the area (neighbourhood)	die Gegend
The area around the station is very quiet.	Die Gegend um den Bahnhof ist sehr ruhig.
We do not know the area well.	Wir kennen die Gegend nicht gut.
the stay	der Aufenthalt
Our stay in Germany was too short.	Unser Aufenthalt in Deutschland war zu kurz.
The stay in the hotel costs a hundred euros.	Der Aufenthalt im Hotel kostet hundert Euro.
the surroundings	die Umgebung
The surroundings of the city are very green.	Die Umgebung der Stadt ist sehr grün.
We do not know the area well yet.	Wir kennen die Umgebung noch nicht gut.
to spend (time)	verbringen
We are spending the summer at the seaside.	Wir verbringen den Sommer am Meer.
He spent three weeks in Germany.	Er hat drei Wochen in Deutschland verbracht.

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