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### Baking Basics

Get ready to bake! First, you will need essential ingredients and tools like **la levure** (baking powder), **la pâte** (dough), and **le bol** (bowl).

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### Sequencing with Avant que

When you want to express that one action happens before another, use the conjunction **avant que** (before). Because the action following **avant que** has not yet occurred, it requires the subjunctive mood.

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Notice how the verb *faire* becomes the irregular **fasses** in the subjunctive.

### Baking Verbs and Contractions

As you construct a dessert, you will use verbs like **cuire** (to bake), **étaler** (to spread), and **refroidir** (to cool down).

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Remember that **que** must contract to **qu'** before a vowel. Here is an example using **le moule** (the mold) and the irregular subjunctive form of *aller* (**aille**):

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For regular verbs in the *nous* and *vous* forms, the subjunctive looks just like the imperfect tense, adding an **i** before the ending:

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### The Verb Être

You will also frequently use the highly irregular verb *être* (to be) when checking on the status of your baked goods. In the subjunctive *il/elle* form, it becomes **soit**.

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Sequencing events (avant que)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular 'to be' and indefinite articles (je suis un...)

Singular definite articles (le, la, l')

Identifying vs. describing (c'est vs. il est)

Feminine adjective agreement (+e)

Plural pronouns and 'to be' (nous sommes, vous êtes)

Formal and informal you (tu vs. vous)

Plural nouns and indefinite articles (des... -s)

Plural definite articles (les)

Plural adjective agreement (+s)

Stressed pronouns (moi, toi, lui)

The verb "to have" singular (j'ai, tu as, il a)

The verb "to have" plural (nous avons, vous avez, ils ont)

There is / there are (il y a)

Basic verbal negation (ne... pas)

Negating "there is" (il n'y a pas de)

Regular -er verbs singular (je parle, tu parles, il parle)

Regular -er verbs plural (nous parlons, vous parlez, ils parlent)

The verb "to be called" (s'appeler)

Yes/no questions with intonation (Tu parles ?)

Yes/no questions with "Est-ce que" (Est-ce que tu parles ?)

Informal questions (qui, que, quoi)

Standard questions (est-ce que)

Singular possessives (mon, ton, son)

Plural possessives (notre, votre, leur)

Demonstrative adjectives (ce, cet, cette, ces)

Adjective placement

Numbers 1 to 20

Numbers 21 to 100

Age and physical states (avoir)

The verb to go (aller)

The preposition to/at (à, au, aux)

Question word for location (où)

Prepositions for cities and countries (à, en, au, aux)

The verb to come (venir)

The preposition from/of (de, du, des)

Question word for origin (d'où)

The verb to do/make (faire)

Days of the week (lundi, mardi)

Telling time (il est... heure)

Question words for time (quand, à quelle heure)

The verb to take or have (prendre)

The verb to drink (boire)

Partitive articles (du, de la, de l')

Zero quantity (pas de)

Expressions of quantity (un peu de, beaucoup de)

Asking how much or how many (combien, combien de)

Very vs. a lot (très, beaucoup)

The verb to want (vouloir)

Polite requests (je voudrais)

The verb to be able to (pouvoir)

Obligation (devoir)

General obligation (il faut)

Why and because (pourquoi, parce que)

Expressing purpose (pour)

Reflexive pronouns (me, te, se, nous, vous)

Daily routine verbs (se lever, s'habiller)

Adverbs of frequency (parfois, rarement)

Never (ne... jamais)

Regular -ir verbs (choisir, finir)

Regular -re verbs (attendre, répondre)

Irregular -ir verbs (sortir, partir, dormir)

Informal 'we' (on)

The imperative mood

Direct object pronouns (le, la, les, l')

The near future (aller + infinitive)

The recent past (venir de + infinitive)

The passé composé with avoir

Irregular past participles (eu, été, fait, pris, vu)

The passé composé with être

The negative passé composé (ne ... pas)

Saying goodbye

Please, sorry and thank you

Which / what (quel)

The indefinite adjective (tout, tous)

Irregular feminine adjectives (-euse, -ve)

Double consonant adjectives (-enne, -ette)

Feminine adjective endings (-ère, -trice)

Irregular plurals (-x)

Plurals ending in -al (-aux)

Present tense stem changes (e to è)

Accent stem changes (é to è)

Double consonant verbs (appeler, jeter)

Verbs ending in -yer (payer, envoyer)

Irregular communication verbs (dire, lire)

Irregular action verbs (écrire, mettre)

Question	Answer
the baking powder	la levure
the dough	la pâte
You must add the baking powder to the dough.	Tu dois ajouter la levure à la pâte.
the bowl	le bol
the vanilla	la vanille
I put the eggs in the bowl with the vanilla.	Je mets les œufs dans le bol avec la vanille.
before (conjunction)	avant que
I prepare the bowl before you make the cake.	Je prépare le bol avant que tu fasses le gâteau.
the tart	la tarte
to bake / to cook	cuire
We add the vanilla before the tart bakes.	Nous ajoutons la vanille avant que la tarte cuise.
to spread	étaler
the mold	le moule
You must spread the dough in the mold.	Tu dois étaler la pâte dans le moule.
He puts the dough in the mold before it goes into the oven.	Il met la pâte dans le moule avant qu'elle aille au four.
to cool down	refroidir
The tart must cool down on the table.	La tarte doit refroidir sur la table.
The cake must cool down before we eat it.	Le gâteau doit refroidir avant que nous le mangions.
I add a lot of baking powder so that the dough rises quickly.	J'ajoute beaucoup de levure pour que la pâte monte vite.
You prepare the mold before the cake goes into the oven.	Tu prépares le moule avant que le gâteau aille au four.
I add the sugar before the tart cools down.	J'ajoute le sucre avant que la tarte refroidisse.
You must never mix the dough without the baking powder.	Tu ne dois jamais mélanger la pâte sans la levure.
The oven is very hot before the tart is ready.	Le four est très chaud avant que la tarte soit prête.
I prepare the baking powder before you make the dessert.	Je prépare la levure avant que vous fassiez le dessert.
I never add the vanilla before the dough is ready.	Je n'ajoute jamais la vanille avant que la pâte soit prête.
I roll out the dough before you bake the pie.	J'étale la pâte avant que tu cuises la tarte.
after (conjunction)	après que
After he left, we ate.	Après qu'il est parti, nous avons mangé.
We will leave after you have finished.	Nous partirons après que tu auras fini.

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