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To express a precaution or prepare for a possibility, use the phrase **au cas où** ("in case").

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While English often uses the present tense after "in case" (e.g., "in case it rains"), French requires the **conditional mood** after **au cas où**. This is because the event you are preparing for is hypothetical.

Notice how the verbs after *au cas où* are conjugated in the conditional (*ferait*, *pleuvrait*):

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### Packing for a Festival

When packing for an outdoor festival, you might need gear to protect yourself from the elements or to camp out.

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### Emergency Supplies

You will also want to bring emergency supplies. Notice the conditional forms of *avoir* (to have) and *attaquer* (to attack) in these precautions:

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Precautions (au cas où)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular 'to be' and indefinite articles (je suis un...)

Singular definite articles (le, la, l')

Identifying vs. describing (c'est vs. il est)

Feminine adjective agreement (+e)

Plural pronouns and 'to be' (nous sommes, vous êtes)

Formal and informal you (tu vs. vous)

Plural nouns and indefinite articles (des... -s)

Plural definite articles (les)

Plural adjective agreement (+s)

Stressed pronouns (moi, toi, lui)

The verb "to have" singular (j'ai, tu as, il a)

The verb "to have" plural (nous avons, vous avez, ils ont)

There is / there are (il y a)

Basic verbal negation (ne... pas)

Negating "there is" (il n'y a pas de)

Regular -er verbs singular (je parle, tu parles, il parle)

Regular -er verbs plural (nous parlons, vous parlez, ils parlent)

The verb "to be called" (s'appeler)

Yes/no questions with intonation (Tu parles ?)

Yes/no questions with "Est-ce que" (Est-ce que tu parles ?)

Informal questions (qui, que, quoi)

Standard questions (est-ce que)

Singular possessives (mon, ton, son)

Plural possessives (notre, votre, leur)

Demonstrative adjectives (ce, cet, cette, ces)

Adjective placement

Numbers 1 to 20

Numbers 21 to 100

Age and physical states (avoir)

The verb to go (aller)

The preposition to/at (à, au, aux)

Question word for location (où)

Prepositions for cities and countries (à, en, au, aux)

The verb to come (venir)

The preposition from/of (de, du, des)

Question word for origin (d'où)

The verb to do/make (faire)

Days of the week (lundi, mardi)

Telling time (il est... heure)

Question words for time (quand, à quelle heure)

The verb to take or have (prendre)

The verb to drink (boire)

Partitive articles (du, de la, de l')

Zero quantity (pas de)

Expressions of quantity (un peu de, beaucoup de)

Asking how much or how many (combien, combien de)

Very vs. a lot (très, beaucoup)

The verb to want (vouloir)

Polite requests (je voudrais)

The verb to be able to (pouvoir)

Obligation (devoir)

General obligation (il faut)

Why and because (pourquoi, parce que)

Expressing purpose (pour)

Reflexive pronouns (me, te, se, nous, vous)

Daily routine verbs (se lever, s'habiller)

Adverbs of frequency (parfois, rarement)

Never (ne... jamais)

Regular -ir verbs (choisir, finir)

Regular -re verbs (attendre, répondre)

Irregular -ir verbs (sortir, partir, dormir)

Informal 'we' (on)

The imperative mood

Direct object pronouns (le, la, les, l')

The near future (aller + infinitive)

The recent past (venir de + infinitive)

The passé composé with avoir

Irregular past participles (eu, été, fait, pris, vu)

The passé composé with être

The negative passé composé (ne ... pas)

Saying goodbye

Please, sorry and thank you

Which / what (quel)

The indefinite adjective (tout, tous)

Irregular feminine adjectives (-euse, -ve)

Double consonant adjectives (-enne, -ette)

Feminine adjective endings (-ère, -trice)

Irregular plurals (-x)

Plurals ending in -al (-aux)

Present tense stem changes (e to è)

Accent stem changes (é to è)

Double consonant verbs (appeler, jeter)

Verbs ending in -yer (payer, envoyer)

Irregular communication verbs (dire, lire)

Irregular action verbs (écrire, mettre)

Question	Answer
in case	au cas où
I am going to bring my jacket in case it is cold.	Je vais emporter ma veste au cas où il ferait froid.
the raincoat (m)	l'imperméable
You must take the raincoat in case it rains during the festival.	Tu dois prendre l'imperméable au cas où il pleuvrait pendant le festival.
the boot	la botte
I am bringing my raincoat and boots in case the storm breaks.	J'apporte mon imperméable et mes bottes au cas où l'orage éclaterait.
the mud	la boue
the sleeping bag	le sac de couchage
I do not want mud on my boots or my sleeping bag.	Je ne veux pas de boue sur mes bottes ou mon sac de couchage.
The boots are useful in case the path is full of mud.	Les bottes sont utiles au cas où le chemin serait plein de boue.
She is bringing the sleeping bag in case we sleep outside.	Elle apporte le sac de couchage au cas où nous dormirions dehors.
the sunscreen	la crème solaire
You are going to put on sunscreen in case the sun shines.	Tu vas mettre de la crème solaire au cas où le soleil brillerait.
external	externe
I bought the sunscreen and the external battery that you asked for.	J'ai acheté la crème solaire et la batterie externe que tu as demandées.
He is bringing the external battery in case the place does not have electricity.	Il apporte la batterie externe au cas où l'endroit n'aurait pas d'électricité.
the first aid kit	la trousse de secours
They are preparing the first aid kit in case there is an accident.	Ils préparent la trousse de secours au cas où il y aurait un accident.
the repellent	le répulsif
The first aid kit is the best place where you can hide the repellent.	La trousse de secours est le meilleur endroit où tu peux cacher le répulsif.
You are going to put on this repellent in case the mosquitoes attack.	Vous allez mettre ce répulsif au cas où les moustiques attaqueraient.
the lighter	le briquet
I always keep my lighter with me, except when I sleep.	Je garde toujours mon briquet avec moi, à part quand je dors.
We are taking the lighter in case we need to make a fire.	Nous prenons le briquet au cas où nous aurions besoin de faire du feu.