Definite articles for body parts (le dos)

Body Parts and Definite Articles

In English, we use possessive adjectives ("my", "your", "her") for body parts. In French, when it's obvious whose body part is involved, you use a definite article (le, la, l', les) instead.

The girl raises her leg and bends her knee.
La fille lève la jambe et plie le genou.
I am going to raise my leg, then I will pivot slowly.
Je vais lever la jambe, puis je pivoterai lentement.

Clarifying with Reflexive Pronouns

French often pairs the definite article with a reflexive pronoun (me, te, se) to clarify whose body part is being affected. Instead of "I stretch my legs," you literally say "I stretch to myself the legs."

In the morning, I get up and I stretch my legs.
Le matin, je me lève et je m'étire les jambes.
It is the athlete who twists his ankle!
C'est l'athlète qui se tord la cheville !

Aches and Pains

This rule also applies when talking about pain using avoir mal à (to have pain in). Remember that the preposition à combines with le and les:

  • à + la = à la
  • à + l' = à l'
  • à + le = au
  • à + les = aux
The acrobat fell yesterday, and she has pain in her hip.
L'acrobate est tombée hier, et elle a mal à la hanche.
The juggler has pain in his hip and his wrist.
Le jongleur a mal à la hanche et au poignet.
Where do you usually have pain? In your toes or your calves?
Où as-tu mal d'habitude ? Aux orteils ou aux mollets ?